Document revision date: 19 July 1999
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OpenVMS DCL Dictionary
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SHOW DEFAULT

Displays the current default device and directory.

Format

SHOW DEFAULT

Description

The SHOW DEFAULT command displays the current device and directory names, along with any equivalence strings.

The default disk and directory are established in the user authorization file (UAF). You can change these defaults during a terminal session or in a batch job by using the SET DEFAULT command, or by reassigning the logical name SYS$DISK.

Examples

#1 

$ SHOW DEFAULT
  DISK1:[ALAMO]
$ SET DEFAULT DISK5:[SKONETSKI.SOURCES]
$ SHOW DEFAULT
  DISK5:[SKONETSKI.SOURCES]

The SHOW DEFAULT command in this example displays the current default device and directory names. The SET DEFAULT command changes these defaults, and the next SHOW DEFAULT command displays the new default device and directory.

#2 

$ SET DEFAULT NOSUCH:[NOWAY]
$ SHOW DEFAULT
 NOSUCH:[NOWAY]
 %DCL-I-INVDEF, NOSUCH:[NOWAY] does not exist

In this example, the default has been set to a nonexistent device and directory. An error message is displayed.

#3 

$ DEFINE/TRANSLATION_ATTRIBUTES=CONCEALED XYZ WORK:[INVOICES.]
$ SET DEFAULT XYZ:[SALES]
$ SHOW DEFAULT
XYZ:[SALES]

In this example, a logical name, XYZ, is defined to represent WORK:[INVOICES]. The /TRANSLATION_ATTRIBUTES=CONCEALED qualifier tells the system not to display the translation of XYZ in file specifications. Thus, the SHOW DEFAULT command displays the logical name XYZ and not its translation.

#4 

$ SET DEFAULT WRK:[SCHENKENBERGER]
$ SHOW DEFAULT
 WRK:[SCHENKENBERGER]
$ DEFINE KUDOS WRK:[SCHENKENBERGER.TEMP1],WRK:[SCHENKENBERGER.TEMP2]
$ SET DEFAULT KUDOS
$ SHOW DEFAULT
 KUDOS:[SCHENKENBERGER]
 =   WRK:[SCHENKENBERGER.TEMP1]
 =   WRK:[SCHENKENBERGER.TEMP2]

In this example, the logical name KUDOS is defined as a search list containing the directories [SCHENKENBERGER.TEMP1] and [SCHENKENBERGER.TEMP2] on device WRK. The SET DEFAULT command equates this search list logical name with the logical name SYS$DISK. The subsequent SHOW DEFAULT command displays the search list logical name along with its equivalence strings.

Because the directory field has not been explicitly specified, the original [SCHENKENBERGER] directory remains in effect as the current default directory. However, unless the current default directory syntax ([]) is explicitly used, all file references are to those directories contained in the search list.

SHOW DEVICES

Displays the status of a device on the system.

See the qualifier descriptions for restrictions.

Format

SHOW DEVICES [device-name[:]]

Parameter

device-name[:]

Specifies the name of a device for which information is to be displayed. The device name displayed by the system uses the format ddcu where dd is the device code, c is the controller designation, and u is the unit number. If the system is part of an OpenVMS Cluster that is running with HSC controllers, the device name must include the node name using the format node$ddcu (where node is the node name).

You can specify a complete device name or only a portion of a device name. The SHOW DEVICES command provides defaults for nonspecified portions of device names, as follows:

Note that the /FILES qualifier does not support defaults for nonspecified portions of device names; you must supply a complete device specification.

Description

When you enter the SHOW DEVICES command without specifying a device or using any qualifier, information about all devices on the system is displayed. If you specify a device name, the SHOW DEVICES command displays information about that device. If you use certain qualifiers with the SHOW DEVICES command, information is displayed about those devices that currently have volumes mounted or that have been allocated to processes, or both.

The device name displayed by the system uses the format ddcu, where dd is the device code, c is the controller designation, and u is the unit number. If the system is part of an OpenVMS Cluster that is running with HSC controllers, the device name must include the node name using the format node$ddcu (where node is the node name).

If you enter the SHOW DEVICES command and do not specify a device name parameter or a qualifier, the command provides a brief listing of characteristics of all devices on the system, with the exception of pseudodevices with the mailbox characteristic, such as MBA3:, NLA0:, NET9:, and so on. To display such a device, you must specify all or part of the device name.

Qualifiers

/ALLOCATED

Displays all devices currently allocated to processes.

If you specify a device name, the characteristics of only that device are displayed. If the device is not currently allocated, the command displays a message indicating that there is no such device. If you specify a generic device name, the characteristics of all allocated devices of that type are displayed.

/BRIEF (default)

Displays brief information about the specified devices.

/EXACT

Use with the /PAGE=SAVE and /SEARCH qualifiers to specify a search string that must match the search string exactly and must be enclosed with quotation marks (" ").

If you specify the /EXACT qualifier without the /SEARCH qualifier, exact search mode is enabled when you set the search string with the Find (E1) key.

/FILES

Requires SYSPRV (system privilege) or BYPASS privileges to list read-protected files.

Displays a list of the names of all files open on a volume and their associated process name and process identification (PID). The specified device must be a mounted Files--11 volume. If the specified volume is a multivolume set, the files on each volume in the set are listed.

Note
The SHOW DEVICES/FILES command does not support defaults for nonspecified portions of device names. You must supply a complete device specification when using the /FILES qualifier.

If the /SYSTEM qualifier is also specified, only the names of installed files and files opened by the system are displayed. Files opened by the system are those that have been opened without the use of an ancillary control process (ACP), such as INDEXF.SYS and QUOTA.SYS, as well as system files such as JBCSYSQUE.EXE and SYSMSG.EXE.

If the /NOSYSTEM qualifier is specified, only those files opened by processes are displayed. To list files opened by a process in your group, your process must have at least GROUP privilege. If the process is not in your group, you need WORLD privilege.

If neither the /SYSTEM nor the /NOSYSTEM qualifier is specified, the names of all files currently opened on the system are displayed.

If a file is read-protected from your user identification code (UIC), the "No privilege" message is displayed instead of the file name. You must have SYSPRV (system privilege) privilege or BYPASS privilege to display the file name.

A space in place of a file name represents a work file (such as a temporary edit file) not entered in any directory. To display temporary file names, you must have BYPASS privilege in addition to GROUP or WORLD privilege.

Do not use the /FILES qualifier with the /ALLOCATED, the /BRIEF, the /FULL, or the /MOUNTED qualifier. The functions of the /FILES qualifier and these qualifiers are mutually exclusive.

/FULL

Displays a complete list of information about the devices, except for rebuild status. You must use the /REBUILD_STATUS qualifier to get that information.

/HIGHLIGHT[=keyword]

Use with the /PAGE=SAVE and /SEARCH qualifiers to specify the type of highlighting you want when a search string is found. When a string is found, the entire line is highlighted. You can use the following keywords: BOLD, BLINK, REVERSE, and UNDERLINE. BOLD is the default highlighting.

/MOUNTED

Displays all devices that currently have volumes mounted on them.

If you specify a device name, only the characteristics of that device are displayed. However, if the device is not currently mounted, the command issues a message indicating there is no such device. If you specify a generic device name, the characteristics of all such devices that currently have volumes mounted are displayed.

/MULTIPATH

Displays all devices that are currently multipath sets.

If you specify a device name, only the characteristics of that device are displayed. However, if the device is not a multipath set, the command issues a message indicating there is no such device. If you specify a generic device name, the characteristics of all such devices that are currently multipath sets are displayed.

/OUTPUT[=filespec]

/NOOUTPUT

Controls where the output of the command is sent. If you do not enter the qualifier, or if you enter the /OUTPUT qualifier without a file specification, the output is sent to the current process default output stream or device, identified by the logical name SYS$OUTPUT.

If you enter the /OUTPUT qualifier with a partial file specification (for example, specifying only a directory), SHOW is the default file name and LIS the default file type. If you enter a file specification, it may not include the asterisk (*) and the percent sign (%) wildcard characters.

If you enter the /NOOUTPUT qualifier, output is suppressed.

/PAGE[=keyword]

/NOPAGE (default)

Controls the display of device information on the screen.

You can use the following keywords with the /PAGE qualifier:
CLEAR_SCREEN Clears the screen before each page is displayed.
SCROLL Displays information one line at a time.
SAVE[= n] Enables screen navigation of information, where n is the number of pages to store.

The /PAGE=SAVE qualifier allows you to navigate through screens of information. The /PAGE=SAVE qualifier stores up to 5 screens of up to 255 columns of information. When you use the /PAGE=SAVE qualifier, you can use the following keys to navigate through the information:
Key Sequence Description
Up arrow key, Ctrl/B Scroll up one line.
Down arrow key Scroll down one line.
Left arrow key Scroll left one column.
Right arrow key Scroll right one column.
Find (E1) Specify a string to find when the information is displayed.
Insert Here (E2) Scroll right one half screen.
Remove (E3) Scroll left one half screen.
Select (E4) Toggle 80/132 column mode.
Prev Screen (E5) Get the previous page of information.
Next Screen (E6), Return, Enter, Space Get the next page of information.
F10, Ctrl/Z Exit. (Some utilities define these differently.)
Help (F15) Display utility help text.
Do (F16) Toggle the display to oldest/newest page.
Ctrl/W Refresh the display.

The /PAGE qualifier is not compatible with the /OUTPUT qualifier.

/REBUILD_STATUS

Tells you whether volumes need rebuilding.

You may need to rebuild a volume if the volume was improperly dismounted. Volumes are improperly dismounted when, for example, the system crashes.

For each volume, SHOW DEVICES/REBUILD_STATUS returns one of these values:
Value Meaning
Yes Rebuild needed
No Rebuild not needed
Not applicable You cannot rebuild this volume. This value is returned if, for example, the volume is not a disk, or the volume is write-locked.
Information unavailable Rebuild information is unavailable. This value is returned when, for example, the volume is not mounted, or mount verification is taking place.

To rebuild a volume, either:

You cannot use the /REBUILD_STATUS qualifier with any other SHOW DEVICES qualifiers, except /OUTPUT.

/SEARCH="string"

Use with the /PAGE=SAVE qualifier to specify a string that you want to find in the information being displayed. Quotation marks are required for the /SEARCH qualifier, if you include spaces in the text string.

You can also dynamically change the search string by pressing the Find key (E1) while the information is being displayed. Quotation marks are not required for a dynamic search.

/SYSTEM

/NOSYSTEM

Controls whether the names of installed files and files opened by the system are displayed. Files opened by the system are those that have been opened without the use of an ancillary control process (ACP), such as INDEXF.SYS and QUOTA.SYS.

If you specify the /NOSYSTEM qualifier with the /FILES qualifier, only files opened by processes are displayed. If you omit both the /SYSTEM and /NOSYSTEM qualifiers and specify the /FILES qualifier, the names of all files currently open on the system are displayed.

You can use this qualifier only with the /FILES qualifier. See the description of the /FILES qualifier for more details.

/WINDOWS

Displays the window count and total size of all windows for files open on a volume. The file name and related process name and process identification (PID) are also displayed. The letter C in a display indicates that the file is open with "cathedral windows" (segmented windows).

/WRAP

/NOWRAP (default)

Use with the /PAGE=SAVE qualifier to limit the number of columns to the width of the screen and to wrap lines that extend beyond the width of the screen to the next line.

The /NOWRAP qualifier extends lines beyond the width of the screen and can be seen when you use the scrolling (left and right) features provided by the /PAGE=SAVE qualifier.

Examples

#1 

$ SHOW DEVICES
Device         Device      Err.    Volume        Free  Trans Mount
 Name          Status     Count     Label       Blocks Count Count
DBA0:          Online mnt     0  VMS             47088   115     1
DBA1:          Online mnt     0  USERPACK1       45216     2     1
DBA2:          Online mnt     3  DOCUMENT         8068    20     1
DBA5:          Online mnt     0  MASTERP         28668     1     1
DBA6:          Online         0           
DBA7:          Online mnt     0  PROJECT        110547     1     1
DMA0:          Online         0           
DLA0:          Online         0           
DYA0:          Online         0           
DYA1:          Online         0           
DRA3:          Online mnt     0  RES26APR        29317     1     1

In this example, the SHOW DEVICES command displays the following information for each device on the system:

#2 

$ SHOW DEVICE/FULL DKB0:
 
 
 
Disk $DKB0:, device type RZ56, is online, mounted, file-oriented 
    device, shareable, error logging is enabled.
Error count                   0  Operations completed            392750
Owner process                ""  Owner UIC                        [1,4]
Owner process ID       00000000  Dev Prot           S:RWPL,O:RWPL,G:R,W
Reference count             317  Default buffer size                512
Total blocks            1299174  Sectors per track                   54
Total cylinders            1604  Tracks per cylinder                 15
Volume label      "SYSTEM_DISK"  Relative volume number               0
Cluster size                  3  Transaction count                  278
Free blocks              367632  Maximum files allowed           162396
Extend quantity               5  Mount count                          1
Mount status             System  Cache name      "$DKB0:XQPCACHE"
Extent cache size            64  Maximum blocks in extent cache   36763
File ID cache size           64  Blocks currently in extent cache 36258
Quota cache size              0  Maximum buffers in FCP cache       210
Volume owner UIC          [1,1]  Vol Prot   S:RWCD,O:RWCD,G:RWCD,W:RWCD
Volume status:  ODS-2, subject to mount verification, protected subsystems
     enabled, file high-water marking, write-through caching enabled.

In this example, the SHOW DEVICES command requests a full listing of the status of the RZ56 device DKB0.

#3 

$ SHOW DEVICES/REBUILD_STATUS
Device Name             Rebuild needed?
ADU15$DKA300:           Information unavailable
EDIV$DKA300:            Information unavailable
EMUL$DKB200:            No
EMUL$DKB300:            No
EMUL$DKB500:            Yes
FTA0:                   Not applicable
OPA0:                   Not applicable

In this example, the volume mounted on device EMUL$DKB500 needs rebuilding.

#4 

$ SHOW DEVICES/FULL NODE2$
Disk NODE2$DUA0:, device type RA81, is online, mounted,
error logging enabled
 Error count                 0  Operations completed            24195
 Owner UIC            [11,177]  Owner process name                   
 Owner process ID     20200000  Dev Prot  S:RWPL,O:RWPL,G:RWPL,W:RWPL
 Reference count            16  Default buffer size               512
 Volume label        VMSDOCLIB  Relative volume no.                 0
 Cluster size                3  Transaction count                  17
 Free blocks            525447  Maximum files allowed          111384
 Extend quantity             5  Mount count                         1
 Volume status          System  ACP process name                     
 Caching disabled
Volume is subject to mount verification, file high-water marking
 
Disk NODE2$DUA1:, device type RA81, is online, error logging enabled
 Error count                 0  Operations completed                0
 Owner UIC               [0,0]  Owner process name                   
 Owner process ID     20200000  Dev Prot  S:RWED,O:RWED,G:RWED,W:RWED
 Reference count             0  Default buffer size               512
   .
   .
   .

In this example, the user requested a full display of information about each device on NODE2 in the OpenVMS Cluster. Information is shown here only for the first two devices: a mounted device and a device that is not mounted.

#5 

$ SHOW DEVICE $1$DKB1:/FULL
 
Disk $1$DKB1: (VMSRMS), device type RRD40, is online, allocated,
deallocate on dismount, mounted, software write-locked, file-oriented
device, shareable, served to cluster via MSCP Server
 
Error count                  0  Operations completed               15
Owner process         "_FTA5:"  Owner UIC                       [1,4]
Owner process ID      2020005D  Dev Prot          S:RWPL,O:RWPL,G:R,W
Reference count              2  Default buffer size               512
Total blocks               256  Sectors per track                  32
Total cylinders              1  Tracks per cylinder                 8
Allocation class             1                                       
                              
Volume label        "VOLUME_1"  Relative volume number             64
Cluster size                 0  Transaction count                   1
Free blocks                  0  Maximum files allowed               0
Extend quantity              0  Mount count                         1
Mount status           Process  ACP process name           "DAD2CACP"
 
Volume status:  ISO 9660.
Members of this volume set are $1$DKB7: (rvn 64), $1$DKB4: (rvn 8),
$1$DKB1: (rvn 1), $1$DKB12: (rvn 4096), $1$DKB16: (rvn 65535),
$1$DKB6: (rvn 32).

In this example, the user requested a full display on a VAX system of a device contain on member of an ISO 9660 partially mounted volume set. Note the volume status displays the media format as ISO 9660, and the volume set list shows a sparce list of the currently mounted members of the volume set.

#6 

$ SHOW DEVICES MUA1/FULL
Magtape $4$MUA1: (HSC70), device type TA79, is online, device is
 equipped with a stacker/loader, file-oriented device, available 
 to cluster, error logging is enabled.
 Error count               0  Operations completed                  0
 Owner process            ""  Owner UIC                      [SYSTEM]
 Owner process ID   00000000  Dev Prot            S:RWPL,O:RWPL,G:R,W
 Reference count           0  Default buffer size                2048
 Density                1600  Format                        Normal-11
 Host name           "HSC70"  Host type, avail              HS70, yes
 Allocation class          4
Volume status:  no-unload on dismount, odd parity.

In this example, the user requested a full display of the tape device MUA0.

#7 

$ SHOW DEVICE/FULL $1$DKA221
Disk $1$DKA221: (HSC952), device type RZ29, is online, mounted,
    file-oriented device, shareable, available to cluster, error
    logging is enabled.
 Error count               0  Operations completed               6509
 Owner process            ""  Owner UIC                      [SYSTEM]
 Owner process ID   00000000  Dev Prot            S:RWPL,O:RWPL,G:R,W
 Reference count         108  Default buffer size                 512
 Current preferred CPU Id  1  FastPath                              1
 Total blocks        8380080  Sectors per track                     4
 Total cylinders       65470  Tracks per cylinder                  32
 Host name          "HSC952"  Host type, avail              HS95, yes
 Allocation class          1
 Volume label  "GALAXY_X6L5"  Relative volume number                0
 Cluster size              4  Transaction count                   302
 Free blocks         4691760  Maximum files allowed            838008
 Extend quantity           5  Mount count                           2
 Mount status         System  Cache name        "_$1$DKA221:XQPCACHE"
 Extent cache size        64  Maximum blocks in extent cache   469176
 File ID cache size       64  Blocks currently in extent cache 237504
 Quota cache size          0  Maximum buffers in FCP cache       1734
 Volume owner UIC      [1,1]  Vol Prot    S:RWCD,O:RWCD,G:RWCD,W:RWCD
Volume Status:  ODS-2, subject to mount verification, protected
    subsystems enabled, file high-water marking, write-through
    caching enabled.
Volume is also mounted on MEAD.

This disk is a device that performs its I/O through the Fast Path port PNA0. Fast Path is enabled for this disk, and its I/O will be processed on the preferred CPU, CPU 1, which is associated with its Fast Path port PNA0.

The /FULL qualifier also displays additional information about Fast Path devices. A Fast Path device may be either a class device or a port device. An example of a class device is an HSC disk, and an example of a port device is the CI. For both Fast Path class devices and ports, the display indicates that Fast Path is enabled and lists the current CPU ID to which that device is assigned. Additionally, for a Fast Path port, the display indicates the port's user-established CPU preference (if any).

The current preferred CPU and the User Preferred CPU can be set by using the DCL command, SET DEVICES/PREFERRED_CPU, or by issuing a $QIO.

For more information about using Fast Path features to improve I/O performance, refer to the OpenVMS I/O User's Reference Manual.

#8 

$ SHOW DEVICE/FULL PNA0
Device PNA0:, device type CIXCD, is online, shareable, error logging
    is enabled.
 Error count                 0  Operations completed              0
 Owner process              ""  Owner UIC                  [SYSTEM]
 Owner process ID     00000000  Dev Prot          S:RWPL,O:RWPL,G,W
 Reference count             0  Default buffer size               0
 Current preferred CPU Id    1  FastPath                          1

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