This appendix contains a list of implementation differences between COM for OpenVMS and Microsoft COM as well as a list of APIs and interfaces provided in this release of COM for OpenVMS.

E.1 Differences between COM for OpenVMS and Microsoft COM

The following sections list important implementation differences between COM for OpenVMS and Microsoft's COM.

E.1.1 Service Control Manager (SCM)

OpenVMS does not provide an equivalent to the Windows NT Service Control Manager. As a result, applications that depend on Server services (such as stop, start, pause, and resume) rely on the OpenVMS features that provide similar functionality (if the features are available).

For example, you would use the OpenVMS site-specific startup and shutdown command procedures to implement automatic starting of services at system startup and automatic shutdown of services at system shutdown. Service APIs such as RegisterServiceCtrlHandler, ChangeServiceConfig, and so on, are not provided on OpenVMS.

E.1.2 Server Application Stack Size

In COM for OpenVMS, server application functions run in the context of server threads. As a result, server functions have a limited stack space of 48 KB. If you require additional space for local variables or structures, you should allocate dynamic memory for local variables or structures.

E.1.3 Use of the "char" Datatype

OpenVMS and Windows NT translate the IDL base data type "char" differently.

OpenVMS translates the data type as MIDL_CHAR, which is defined to be CHAR, and further defined to be "char." The OpenVMS compiler by default takes this to be equivalent to "unsigned char;" in most cases they can be used interchangeably. The two are not the same---C++ treats them as different data types you specify them in class member definitions.

Windows NT translates the data type directly as "unsigned char." This causes conflicts with Visual C++, which treats the "char" datatype as equivalent to "signed char." As in OpenVMS, "char" is not the same as "signed char" in class member definitions.

There are two workarounds to this mismatch:

• Use the data type "CHAR" instead of "char" in the IDL file and all member definitions. This is the most portable solution; you can expect this to work on other systems (such as UNIX) as well.
• Conditionally compile the method definitions so that OpenVMS sees the object methods defined as "char" and Windows NT sees the methods defined as "unsigned char."

The MIDL compiler supplied with COM for OpenVMS is based on Microsoft's MIDL compiler V3.00.44

E.1.5 Using DCOM$CNFG to Change Application Configuration Permission

Use the Application Security Submenu options 5 and 6 to change the OpenVMS Registry key permissions of some keys associated with an application. Option 5 and 6 affect the security settings of the following keys:

• HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\APPID\{guid}
• HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{guid} and subkeys

On Windows NT systems, the security settings of the subkeys under HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{guid} are changed only if the existing security settings match the original settings of HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\APPID\{guid}.

On OpenVMS systems, the settings of the subkeys are changed even if the existing settings do not match the original settings of HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\APPID\{guid}.

Options 5 and 6 do not change the settings of all keys associated with an application. For example, options 5 and 6 do not affect the following keys:

• HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\APPID\filename
• HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\TYPELIB\{typelib guid}
• HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\INTERFACES\{interface guid(s)} and subkeys.
• HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\name and subkeys
• HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\version independent name and subkeys

To change the security settings of these keys, use the following procedure:

1. From a Windows NT system, start RegEdt32.
2. From the Registry menu, choose Select Computer and connect to the OpenVMS system that contains the OpenVMS Registry.
3. Select the key associated with the application you want to change.
4. From the Security menu, choose Permissions... and grant the user Full Control.
5. Repeat the last two steps for each registry key associated with the application (see the list of keys described earlier in this section).

APIs that require security support are not supported in COM Version 1.0 for OpenVMS.

The APIs supported in this release are as follows:

BindMoniker BstrFromVector CLSIDFromProgID CLSIDFromString CoAddRefServerProcess CoCopyProxy CoCreateFreeThreadedMarshaler CoCreateGuid CoCreateInstance CoCreateInstanceEx CoDisconnectObject CoDosDateTimeToFileTime CoFileTimeNow CoFileTimeToDosDateTime CoFreeAllLibraries CoFreeLibrary CoFreeUnusedLibraries CoGetCallContext CoGetClassObject CoGetCurrentProcess CoGetInstanceFromFile CoGetInstanceFromIStorage CoGetInterfaceAndReleaseStream CoGetMalloc CoGetMarshalSizeMax CoGetPSClsid CoGetStandardMarshal CoGetTreatAsClass CoImpersonateClient CoInitialize CoInitializeEx CoInitializeSecurity CoIsHandlerConnected CoLoadLibrary CoLockObjectExternal CoMarshalInterface CoQueryAuthenticationServices CoQueryClientBlanket CoQueryProxyBlanket CoRegisterChannelHook CoRegisterClassObject CoRegisterMallocSpy CoRegisterMessageFilter CoRegisterPSClsid CoReleaseMarshalData CoReleaseServerProcess CoResumeClassObjects CoRevertToSelf CoRevokeClassObject CoRevokeMallocSpy CoSetProxyBlanket CoSuspendClassObjects CoTaskMemAlloc CoTaskMemFree CoTaskMemRealloc CoTreatAsClass CoUninitialize CoUnmarshalInterface CreateAntiMoniker CreateBindCtx CreateClassMoniker CreateDataAdviseHolder CreateDispTypeInfo CreateErrorInfo CreateGenericComposite CreateILockBytesOnHGlobal CreateItemMoniker CreatePointerMoniker CreateStdDispatch CreateStreamOnHGlobal CreateTypeLib DispGetIDsOfNames DispGetParam DispInvoke DllCanUnloadNow DllGetClassObject DllGetClassObject DllMain DllRegisterServer DllUnregisterServer DosDateTimeToVariantTime FreePropVariantArray GetActiveObject GetAltMonthNames GetClassFile GetConvertStg GetErrorInfo GetHGlobalFromILockBytes GetHGlobalFromStream GetRunningObjectTable IIDFromString IsEqualCLSID IsEqualGUID IsEqualIID IsValidIid IsValidInterface IsValidPtrIn IsValidPtrOut LHashValOfName LHashValOfNameSys LoadRegTypeLib LoadTypeLibEx MkParseDisplayName MonikerCommonPrefixWith MonikerRelativePathTo ProgIDFromCLSID PropStgNameToFmtId PropVariantClear PropVariantCopy QueryPathOfRegTypeLib ReadClassStg ReadClassStm ReadFmtUserTypeStg RegisterActiveObject RegisterTypeLib ReleaseStgMedium RevokeActiveObject SafeArrayAccessData SafeArrayAllocData SafeArrayAllocDescriptor SafeArrayCopy SafeArrayCopyData SafeArrayCreate SafeArrayCreateVector SafeArrayDestroy SafeArrayDestroyData SafeArrayDestroyDescriptor SafeArrayGetDim SafeArrayGetElement SafeArrayGetElemsize SafeArrayGetLBound SafeArrayGetUBound SafeArrayLock SafeArrayPtrOfIndex SafeArrayPutElement SafeArrayRedim SafeArrayUnaccessData SafeArrayUnlock SetConvertStg SetErrorInfo StgCreateDocfile StgCreateDocfileOnILockBytes StgCreatePropSetStg StgCreatePropStg StgIsStorageFile StgIsStorageILockBytes StgOpenPropStg StgOpenStorage StgOpenStorageOnILockBytes StgSetTimes StringFromCLSID StringFromGUID2 StringFromIID SysAllocString SysAllocStringByteLen SysAllocStringLen SysFreeString SysReAllocString SysReAllocStringLen SysStringByteLen SysStringLen SystemTimeToVariantTime UnRegisterTypeLib VarDateFromUdate VarNumFromParseNum VarParseNumFromStr VarUdateFromDate VariantChangeType VariantChangeTypeEx VariantClear VariantCopy VariantCopyInd VariantInit VariantTimeToDosDateTime VariantTimeToSystemTime VectorFromBstr WriteClassStg WriteClassStm WriteFmtUserTypeStg

E.3 Interfaces

The interfaces supported in this release are as follows:

IAdviseSink IBindCtx IClassActivator IClassFactory IConnectionPoint IConnectionPointContainer ICreateErrorInfo ICreateTypeInfo ICreateTypeLib IDataAdviseHolder IDataObject IDispatch IEnumCallBack IEnumConnectionPoints IEnumConnections IEnumFORMATETC IEnumMoniker IEnumOLEVerb IEnumSTATDATA IEnumSTATPROPSETSTG IEnumSTATSTG IEnumString IEnumUnknown IEnumVariant IErrorInfo IExternalConnection ILockBytes IMalloc IMallocSpy IMarshal IMessageFilter IMoniker IMultiQI IParseDisplayName IPersist IPersistFile IPersistStorage IPersistStream IPropertySetStorage IPropertyStorage IRootStorage IRunnableObject IRunningObjectTable IStdMarshalInfo IStorage IStream ISupportErrorInfo ITypeComp ITypeInfo ITypeInfo2 ITypeLib ITypeLib2 IUnknown

The following files are installed as part of the COM for OpenVMS installation process:

[000000]DEC-AXPVMS-DCOM-V0101--1.PCSI$TLB [DCOM$LIBRARY]CDERR.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]CGUID.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]COGUID.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]COMMDLG.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]CONIO.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]DCOM$GUIDGEN.CLD [DCOM$LIBRARY]DCOM$REGDATA.REG [DCOM$LIBRARY]DCOM$RUNSHRLIB.CLD [DCOM$LIBRARY]DCOM.OPT [DCOM$LIBRARY]DDE.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]DDEML.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]DLGS.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]EXCPT.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]IMM.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]INITGUID.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]LZEXPAND.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]MCX.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]MIDLES.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]MIDL_STUB_TYPES.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]MMSYSTEM.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]NB30.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]NTA_MESSAGE.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]OAIDL.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]OAIDL.IDL [DCOM$LIBRARY]OBJBASE.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]OBJIDL.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]OBJIDL.IDL [DCOM$LIBRARY]OCIDL.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]OCIDL.IDL [DCOM$LIBRARY]OLE2.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]OLEAUTO.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]OLECTL.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]OLEIDL.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]OLEIDL.IDL [DCOM$LIBRARY]POPPACK.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]PRSHT.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]PSHPACK1.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]PSHPACK2.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]PSHPACK4.H 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[DCOM$LIBRARY]WINSOCK.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]WINSPOOL.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]WINSVC.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]WINUSER.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]WINVER.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]WTYPES.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]WTYPES.IDL [DCOM$LIBRARY]WUEXTEN.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]WUUNALIGNED.H [DCOM$LIBRARY]WUVERSION.H [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]BIG5.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]CTYPE.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_037.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_10000.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_10001.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_10002.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_10003.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_10004.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_10005.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_10006.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_10007.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_10008.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_10010.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_10017.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_10029.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_10079.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_10081.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_10082.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_1026.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_1250.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_1251.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_1252.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_1253.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_1254.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_1255.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_1256.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_1257.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_1258.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_1361.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_20105.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_20261.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_20269.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_20273.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_20277.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_20278.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_20280.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_20284.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_20285.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_20290.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_20297.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_20420.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_20423.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_20833.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_20838.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_20866.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_20871.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_20880.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_20905.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_21025.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_21027.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_28592.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_28593.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_28594.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_28595.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_28596.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_28597.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_28598.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_28599.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_29001.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_437.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_500.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_708.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_720.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_737.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_775.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_850.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_852.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_855.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_857.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_860.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_861.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_862.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_863.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_864.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_865.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_866.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_869.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_870.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_874.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_875.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_932.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_936.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_949.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]C_950.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]KSC.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]LOCALE.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]L_EXCEPT.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]L_INTL.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]PRC.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]PRCP.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]SORTKEY.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]SORTTBLS.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]UNICODE.NLS [DCOM$WIN32.NLS]XJIS.NLS [DCOM$WIN32]WINDU$GDISHR.EXE [DCOM$WIN32]WINDU$KERNELSHR.EXE [DCOM$WIN32]WINDU$PRNTSHR.EXE [DCOM$WIN32]WINDU$USERSHR.EXE [DCOM$WIN32]WINDU.INI [DCOM$WIN32]WINDU.OPT [SYS$STARTUP]DCOM$RPCSS.COM [SYS$STARTUP]DCOM$SHUTDOWN.COM [SYS$STARTUP]DCOM$STARTUP.COM [SYSEXE]DCOM$CNFG.EXE [SYSEXE]DCOM$COMREGEDT.EXE [SYSEXE]DCOM$GUIDGEN.EXE [SYSEXE]DCOM$MIDL.EXE [SYSEXE]DCOM$REGSVR32.EXE [SYSEXE]DCOM$RPCSS.EXE [SYSEXE]DCOM$RUNSHRLIB.EXE [SYSEXE]DCOM$SCLIENT.EXE [SYSEXE]DCOM$SSERVER.EXE [SYSEXE]DCOM$SSERVER_REG.COM [SYSEXE]DCOM$TOOL.EXE [SYSHLP.EXAMPLES.DCOM.DISPATCH_SAMPLE1]BUILD_DISPATCH_SAMPLE1.COM [SYSHLP.EXAMPLES.DCOM.DISPATCH_SAMPLE1]BUILD_DISPATCH_SAMPLE1.MMS [SYSHLP.EXAMPLES.DCOM.DISPATCH_SAMPLE1]CLIENT.CXX [SYSHLP.EXAMPLES.DCOM.DISPATCH_SAMPLE1]CMPNT$SHR.OPT [SYSHLP.EXAMPLES.DCOM.DISPATCH_SAMPLE1]CMPNT.CXX [SYSHLP.EXAMPLES.DCOM.DISPATCH_SAMPLE1]CMPNT.DEF [SYSHLP.EXAMPLES.DCOM.DISPATCH_SAMPLE1]DCLIENT.CXX [SYSHLP.EXAMPLES.DCOM.DISPATCH_SAMPLE1]MAKE-ONE. 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By special arrangement with the publishers, Compaq is able to provide COM for OpenVMS developers with the following discount coupons for some of the third-party COM books mentioned in this manual. Please follow the instructions on the coupon when ordering books.

class (registry class): Registry element attribute that allows you to store additional descriptive information with a registry key or subkey.

encapsulation: The process of updating or extending the life of existing application code by leaving most of the code and its functionality intact, while including new or updated code (usually in a different programming language) at key entry points.

For example, you might add a Windows graphical interface to a character-cell application by writing some Visual Basic code that collects information from a Windows client, then formats and submits the data to the existing character cell application as if the data had come from the character cell interface.

hive: A discrete set of keys, subkeys, and value entries contained in the registry.

in-process server: An application that is located on the same system as the requesting client. On Windows NT systems, in-process servers are usually implemented as DLLs. On OpenVMS systems, in-process servers are usually implemented as shareable images.

key (registry key): Registry element that contains information specific to the computer, system, or user.

out-of-process server: An application that is located on a different system than the requesting client. On Windows NT systems, out-of-process servers are usually implemented as .EXE files.

registry: A hierarchical database consisting of one or more files that stores configuration information about system hardware and software.

subkey (registry subkey): Registry element that is a child of a registry key. A registry key can have zero or more subkeys.

value (registry value): Registry element that is the entry or value for a registry key or subkey.

wrapper: See encapsulation.

ACM: Authentication and Credential Management Authority

ACME: Authentication and Credential Management Extension

API: Application Program Interface

COM: Component Object Model

CLSID: Class ID

DCOM: Distributed Component Object Model

DLL: Dynamic Link Library

FMS: Forms Management System

GUI: Graphical User Interface

GUID: Globally Unique Identifier

MIDL: Microsoft Interface Definition Language

OO: Object oriented

RPC: Remote Procedure Call

SAM: Security Account Manager

SID: Security Identifier

SMG: Screen Management Facility

SSPI: Security Support Provider Interface

UI: User Interface

UIC: User Identification Code

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