Available tables:

• Contents (285 entries)


• Examples (14 entries)


• Figures (46 entries)


• Tables (22 entries)


• Index (980 entries)

Contents

• Title Page


• Copyright Page


• Preface


• 1 Overview of Data Communications Networks


• 1.1 What Is a Data Communications Network?


• 1.1.1 What Are the Components?


• 1.1.2 What Does a Data Communications Network Look Like?


• 1.1.2.1 Star Topology


• 1.1.2.2 Ring Topology


• 1.1.2.3 Bus Topology


• 1.1.2.4 Mesh Topology


• 1.1.2.5 Tree Topology


• 1.1.2.6 Local Area Network Topology


• 1.1.2.7 Wide Area Network Topology


• 1.2 What Is a DECnet Network?


• 1.2.1 What Does a DECnet Network Look Like?


• 1.2.2 What Communications Media Does DECnet Use?


• 1.2.2.1 What is Ethernet/802.3?


• 1.2.3 How Do Systems Communicate over DECnet?


• 1.2.4 How Does DECnet Route Messages?


• 1.2.5 How Is DECnet Software Structured?


• 1.2.6 What Systems Can Communicate over the Network?


• 1.2.7 What Network Environments Does DECnet Support?


• 1.2.7.1 Local Area Networks


• 1.2.7.2 Wide Area Networks


• 1.3 What Is an Internet Network?


• 1.3.1 What Does an Internet Look Like?


• 1.3.2 What Is TCP/IP and How Is It Structured?


• 1.3.3 What Are Addressing, Naming, and Routing?


• 1.3.4 Addressing


• 1.3.4.1 Common Internet Address Notation


• 1.3.4.2 Network Classes


• 1.3.4.3 Subnet Addressing


• 1.3.4.3.1 Advantages of Subnet Addressing


• 1.3.4.3.2 Subnets and Internet Addresses


• 1.3.4.3.3 Address Masks


• 1.3.5 Naming


• 1.3.5.1 Domain Name System


• 1.3.5.2 Name Servers


• 1.3.6 Routing


• 1.3.6.1 IP Routing Tables


• 1.3.6.2 Direct Routing


• 1.3.6.3 Indirect Routing


• 1.3.6.4 Routing In the Presence of Subnets


• 1.3.7 Network Protocols


• 1.3.7.1 Internet Protocol


• 1.3.7.2 Routing Protocols


• 1.3.7.3 Routing Information Protocol


• 1.3.7.4 Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)


• 1.3.8 Transport Protocols


• 1.3.8.1 Transmission Control Protocol


• 1.3.8.2 User Datagram Protocol


• 1.3.9 Other Protocols


• 1.3.9.1 Address Resolution Protocol


• 1.3.9.2 Simple Network Management Protocol


• 2 Network Troubleshooting Methodology


• 2.1 Knowing Your Network


• 2.1.1 Topology




• 2.1.2.1 Using DECnet Architectural Information in Problem Solving


• 2.1.2.2 Using TCP/IP Architectural Information in Problem Solving


• 2.1.3 Performance


• 2.1.4 Typical Use


• 2.2 Overview of the Network Troubleshooting Methodology


• 2.2.1 Applying The Methodology to Network Problems


• 2.3 Detecting a Problem


• 2.4 Obtaining and Refining the Problem Statement


• 2.5 Gathering Information


• 2.6 Analyzing, Interpreting, and Classifying Information


• 2.6.1 Extent of the Problem


• 2.6.1.1 Node or Host Problems


• 2.6.1.2 LAN Problems


• 2.6.1.3 WAN Problems


• 2.6.2 Types of Errors


• 2.6.2.1 Hard Errors


• 2.6.2.2 Inconsistent Errors


• 2.6.2.3 Intermittent Errors


• 2.6.2.4 Transient Errors


• 2.6.3 Sources of Errors


• 2.6.3.1 User Errors


• 2.6.3.2 Hardware Errors


• 2.6.3.3 Software Errors


• 2.6.3.4 Configuration Errors


• 2.6.3.5 Interoperability Errors


• 2.7 Isolating the Source of the Problem


• 2.7.1 Isolating to the Node or Host Level


• 2.7.2 Isolating to the LAN Level


• 2.7.3 Isolating to the WAN Level


• 2.8 Solving the Problem


• 2.9 Verifying the Solution


• 2.10 Cleaning Up


• 2.11 Verifying the Solution Again


• 2.12 Documenting the Problem and Solution


• 3 Network Management and Troubleshooting Tools


• arp command


• Authorize Utility


• Breakout Boxes


• DEC Extended LAN Management Software


• DECmcc Management Station for ULTRIX


• LAN Traffic Monitor


• LAT Control Program


• netstat command


• Network Control Program


• NMCC/DECnet Monitor


• NMCC/VAX ETHERnim


• ping command


• Protocol Analyzers


• syslog daemon


• Terminal Server Manager Software


• traceroute command


• uerf command


• 4 Resources for Troubleshooting


• 4.1 Log Files


• 4.1.1 VMS OPCOM and the Operator Log File


• 4.1.2 VMS Netserver Log File


• 4.1.3 VMS Error Log File


• 4.1.4 VMS Accounting Log File


• 4.1.5 ULTRIX Error Log Files


• 4.2 Routing Path Trace Procedures


• 4.2.1 NCP Routing Path Trace Procedure


• 4.2.2 netstat Routing Path Trace Procedure


• 4.3 NCP Loopback Tests


• 4.3.1 NCP Loopback Test Results


• 4.3.2 Types of Loopback Tests




• 4.3.3.1 Remote Loopback Test


• 4.3.3.2 Local and Remote Loopback Tests Using a Loop Node Name


• 4.3.3.2.1 Local-to-Remote Testing


• 4.3.3.3 Local Loopback Test


• 4.3.4 Circuit-Level Tests


• 4.3.4.1 Software Loopback Test


• 4.3.4.2 Controller Loopback Test


• 4.3.4.3 Modem Loopback Tests


• 4.3.4.4 Using Loopback Tests to Check Circuitry


• 4.4 Reachability Tests for TCP/IP Networks


• 4.5 NCP Counters


• 4.5.1 Errors Applicable to Node Problems


• 4.5.2 Errors Applicable to LAN Problems


• 4.5.3 Errors Applicable to WAN Problems


• 4.5.4 Errors Applicable to Node, LAN, and WAN Problems


• 4.5.5 Formulas for Understanding Counters


• 4.5.5.1 Packet Rate


• 4.5.5.2 Circuit Quality


• 4.5.5.3 Transit Congestion Loss


• 4.5.5.4 Ethernet Line Statistics


• 4.5.5.5 Retransmissions


• 4.5.5.6 Routing Overhead


• 4.6 ULTRIX Counters


• 4.7 DECnet Events


• 5 Network Troubleshooting Procedures


• 5.1 Organization


• 5.2 Troubleshooting Notes


• Aborted Service Request


• Adjacency Rejected/Adjacency Up


• Asynchronous DECnet Problems


• Babbling Device


• Broadcast Storm


• Circuit State Problems


• Connect Failed, Access Control Rejected


• Connect Failed, Unrecognized Object


• Connection Timed Out


• Device Not Mounted


• Dialup Problems


• Host Is Unreachable


• Insufficient Resources at Remote Node


• Invalid Parameter Value


• LAN Bridge Cannot Downline Load


• LAN Segment Communication Problem


• LAT Port Hung


• LAT Print Queue Problems


• Line Synchronization Lost


• Login Incorrect


• Login Information Invalid


• Network Is Unreachable


• Network Object Unknown


• Network Partner Exited


• Node Out of Range Packet Loss


• Partial Routing Update Loss


• Partitioned Area


• Permission Denied


• Remote Node Is Not Currently Reachable


• Terminal Server Connection Failures


• Unknown Host


• Verification Reject


• A Ethernet Configuration Guidelines


• A.1 Baseband Ethernet


• A.2 ThinWire Ethernet


• A.3 Fiber-Optic Cable


• A.4 DELNI Local Network Interconnect


• A.5 DEMPR ThinWire Multiport Repeaters


• A.6 DEREP Ethernet Repeaters




• B RFC Request Process


• B.1 Obtaining RFCs Through The Internet File Transfer Protocol


• B.1.1 Logging In To The Remote Host


• B.1.2 Using Public Directories on The Remote Host


• B.1.3 Obtaining an Index of Available RFCs


• B.1.4 Copying RFC Files


• B.1.5 Logging Out of The Remote Host


• B.2 Obtaining RFCs Through The NIC Automatic Mail Service


• B.3 Obtaining RFCs by Telephone Request


• Glossary

• 3- 1 Authorize Utility Example


• 3- 2 LAN Traffic Monitor Example


• 3- 3 VMS LATCP Example


• 3- 4 ULTRIX lcp Example


• 3- 5 netstat -i Example


• 3- 6 VMS Network Control Program Example


• 3- 7 ULTRIX Network Control Program Example


• 3- 8 Long Output from the ping Command


• 3- 9 syslog Example


• 3- 10 Terminal Server Manager Example


• 3- 11 uerf Example


• 4- 1 netstat Routing Path Trace


• 5- 1 SYSGEN SHOW/DEVICE Display

• 1- 1 Point-to-Point Connections


• 1- 2 Ethernet Connections


• 1- 3 Star Topology


• 1- 4 Ring Topology


• 1- 5 Bus Topology


• 1- 6 Mesh Topology


• 1- 7 Tree Topology


• 1- 8 Network Nodes, Circuits, and Lines


• 1- 9 DECnet Network Architecture (DNA) Layers and Protocols


• 1- 10 Small Local Area Network Configuration


• 1- 11 Large Local Area Network Configuration


• 1- 12 DDCMP Connections


• 1- 13 Wide Area Network Connections


• 1- 14 Large Integrated DECnet Configuration


• 1- 15 Two Networks Interconnected to Form an Internet


• 1- 16 Multiple Networks Interconnected to Form an Internet


• 1- 17 Internet Protocol Model


• 1- 18 Parts of an Internet Address


• 1- 19 Internet Address Fields


• 1- 20 Common Internet Address Notation


• 1- 21 Internet Address Format for Network Classes


• 1- 22 Internet Network Hierarchies


• 1- 23 Internet Without Subnets


• 1- 24 Internet with Subnets


• 1- 25 Internet Subnet Address Parts


• 1- 26 Internet Name Domains


• 1- 27 Name Server Process


• 1- 28 Internet Routing Process


• 1- 29 Subnet Routing Examples


• 2- 1 Network Troubleshooting Methodology


• 2- 2 Unreachable DECnet Node or TCP/IP Host


• 2- 3 Isolating the Source of the Problem


• 4- 1 NCP Routing Path Trace Procedure


• 4- 2 Components and Points of Loopback Testing


• 4- 3 Remote Loopback Test


• 4- 4 Local-to-Remote Loopback Test Using a Loop Node Name


• 4- 5 Local-to-Local Loopback Test Using a Loop Node Name


• 4- 6 Local Loopback Test


• 4- 7 Software Loopback Test


• 4- 8 Controller Loopback Test




• 5- 1 ULTRIX Access Control


• 5- 2 VMS Access Control


• 5- 3 Area Partitioned Due to Multiple Failures


• 5- 4 Area Partitioned Due to Configuration Weaknesses

• 1- 1 DECnet Layers


• 1- 2 TCP/IP Layers


• 1- 3 Sizes of Internet Network Classes


• 1- 4 Address Ranges for Network Classes


• 1- 5 Internet Address Fields Available For Subnets


• 1- 6 Internet Domains


• 2- 1 Tools for Node or Host Problems


• 2- 2 Tools for LAN Problems


• 2- 3 Tools for WAN Problems


• 3- 1 Network Management and Troubleshooting Tools


• 3- 2 ULTRIX netstat Command Options


• 3- 3 Options for the ping Command


• 3- 4 ULTRIX traceroute Command Options


• 3- 5 ULTRIX uerf Command Options


• 5- 1 Network Problems and Extent of Disturbance on the Network


• 5- 2 NCP Executor Proxy Access Parameters


• 5- 3 LAN Bridge 100 or 150 Indicator Lights


• 5- 4 LAN Bridge 100 or 150 Switch Settings


• 5- 5 Print Queue States and Conditions


• 5- 6 NCP Proxy Access Parameters


• B- 1 Public Directories on NIC.DDN.MIL