DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS

DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS

User's Guide


October 1997

This book explains the user services available with DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS.

Revision Information: This is a revised manual.

Operating Systems: OpenVMS Alpha Versions 6.2, 7.0, 7.1
OpenVMS VAX Versions 6.2, 7.0, 7.1

Software Version: DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Version 4.2





Digital Equipment Corporation Maynard, Massachusetts


October 1997

Digital Equipment Corporation makes no representations that the use of its products in the manner described in this publication will not infringe on existing or future patent rights, nor do the descriptions contained in this publication imply the granting of licenses to make, use, or sell equipment or software in accordance with the description.

Possession, use, or copying of the software described in this publication is authorized only pursuant to a valid written license from DIGITAL or an authorized sublicensor.

DIGITAL conducts its business in a manner that conserves the environment and protects the safety and health of its employees, customers, and the community.

© Digital Equipment Corporation 1997. All rights reserved.

The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation: ACMS, DECdtm, DDCMP, DEC, DECnet, DECNIS, DECserver, DECsystem, DECwindows, DIGITAL, DNA, InfoServer, LAT, OpenVMS, PATHWORKS, POLYCENTER, VAX, VAXstation, VMS, and the DIGITAL logo.

The following are third-party trademarks:

CRAY is a registered trademark of Cray Research, Inc.
HP and Hewlett-Packard are registered trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Company.
IBM and OS/2 are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation.
MS-DOS is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
Macintosh is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.
MultiNet is a registered trademark of TGV, Inc.
OSF/1 is a registered trademark of Open Software Foundation, Inc.
OSI is a registered trademark of CA Management, Inc.
PATHways is a registered trademark of The Wollongong Group.
PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems, Inc.
SCO is a trademark of Santa Cruz Operations, Inc.
Sun, NFS, and PC-NFS are registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc.
TCPware is a registered trademark of Process Software Corporation.
UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries, licensed exclusively through X/Open Company Ltd.
All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective holders.

ZK6525

This document is available on CD-ROM.


Contents


Preface

This manual explains how to use the user utilities and commands provided with the DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS (UCX) product. It assumes that these services have been installed and configured on your OpenVMS system and that you have a basic understanding of the OpenVMS operating system.

Intended Audience

This manual is for OpenVMS users who want to communicate with remote hosts on a private internet or on the worldwide Internet.

Document Structure

This manual contains seven chapters and five appendixes.

Terminology

This manual uses the following terminology:

Acronyms

For a list of acronyms used throughout this and other manuals in the DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS documentation set, see the DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Concepts and Planning guide.

Conventions

All IP addresses in this book represent fictitious addresses. The following conventions apply to this book.

Convention Meaning
UPPERCASE TEXT Indicates names of OpenVMS and UCX commands, options, utilities, files, directories, hosts, and users.
lowercase special type Indicates UNIX system output or user input, commands, options, files, directories, utilities, hosts, and users.
italic type Indicates a variable.
[Return] Indicates that you press the Return key.
[Ctrl/] x Indicates that you press the Control key while you press the key noted by x.
[ ] In command format descriptions, indicates optional elements. The elements are separated by vertical bars (|). You can enter as many as you want.
{ } In command format descriptions, indicates you must enter at least one listed element. The elements are separated by bars (|).

Related Documents

The following manuals provide additional information about planning your network and configuring and managing UCX:

For a complete list of all manuals in the DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS documentation set, see the DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Concepts and Planning guide.

For additional information about DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS products and services, access the DIGITAL OpenVMS World Wide Web site. Use the following URL:

http://www.openvms.digital.com 

Reader's Comments

DIGITAL welcomes your comments on this manual or any of the DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS documents. Send us your comments through any of the following channels:
Internet openvmsdoc@zko.mts.dec.com
Fax 603 884-0120, Attention: OSSG Documentation, ZKO3-4/U08
Mail OSSG Documentation Group, ZKO3-4/U08
110 Spit Brook Rd.
Nashua, NH 03062-2698

How To Order Additional Documentation

Use the following table to order additional documentation or information. If you need help deciding which documentation best meets your needs, call 800-DIGITAL (800-344-4825).

Location Call Fax Write
U.S.A. DECdirect
800-DIGITAL
800-344-4825
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Mailstop: TAY2-2/11D
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Canada DTN: 621-6005
800-DIGITAL
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Box 13000
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Attn: CICC
International --- --- Local DIGITAL subsidiary or
approved distributor
Internal Orders DTN: 261-2010
603-791-2010
Fax: 800-741-6970 U.S. Software Supply Business
Digital Equipment Corporation
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Chapter 1
Getting Started

The DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS (UCX) software allows you to communicate and share resources with remote OpenVMS systems, UNIX systems, and other systems that support the TCP/IP protocol suite and Sun Microsystems' Network File System (NFS).

Systems with the UCX software share data and resources with other internet hosts by using standard TCP/IP protocols. These protocols enable you to share information and resources over any type of network and with systems from any vendor that also supports the protocols.

The UCX software includes commands and utilities that allow you to:

In addition, DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS offers the following network services:

For information about these network services, refer to the following documents:

In addition, DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS eSNMP Programming and Reference includes specific information about eSNMP.

1.1 Which Service Do You Use?

Some of the DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS facilities provide similar capabilities. Table 1-1 helps you determine the best facility to use for your specific needs and indicates where to look for information about that facility.

Table 1-1 Facilities to Use for Specific Needs
To obtain user information, if you need to... Use... Refer to...
Get information about users logged into a remote host, such as their login user names, current program being used, and last login. FINGER Section 2.3
Get information about users logged into your OpenVMS Cluster. FINGER/CLUSTER Section 2.3
To copy files, if you need to... Use... Refer to...
Perform other operations on the files, such as deleting, renaming, appending, and viewing files. FTP Section 3.10, Section 3.11, Section 3.12
Copy multiple files to or from one or more unrelated directories on the remote host. FTP Section 3.4.1, Section 3.7, Section 3.13
Copy every file and subdirectory in a directory on a host, preserving the directory hierarchy. RCP Section 4.4
Create or delete directories, and display the contents of directories. FTP Section 3.8, Section 3.9
Copy files between two remote hosts. RCP Section 4.8
Perform fast file transfers between two OpenVMS hosts. FTP Section 3.13.5
Copy files to and from a remote UNIX system, preserving RMS file attributes. FTP Section 3.13.6
Copy files, preserving the protection mode and modification date. RCP Section 4.8
Copy and work with files using DECnet file specifications. FTP Section 3.14
To print files, if you need to... Use... Refer to...
Send local files to a remote host printer. FTP PUT, DCL PRINT Section 3.15, Section 7.1
Send remote files to your local host printer. FTP GET Section 3.15
Send local files to a remote host printer or print queue, using the OpenVMS printing options such as customizing the printed page with special print forms and specifying the number of copies to print. DCL PRINT Section 7.1
Display the status of remote print queue jobs and cancel print jobs in that queue. LPQ, LPRM Section 7.2, Section 7.3
Send remote UNIX files to a local print queue. lpr+ Section 7.4
To log into remote accounts, if you need to... Use... Refer to...
Log into a remote host that runs Remote (R) protocols. RLOGIN Section 4.5
Log into a remote host, using many options to customize the session, control output from the remote host, and negotiate compatibility differences. TELNET Section 5.10
Establish multiple, simultaneous login connections with one or more hosts, and toggle between the sessions. TELNET Section 5.9
Log in using IBM 3270 Information System (IDS) terminal emulation with a host that uses IBM 3270 model terminals. TN3270 Section 5.12
To issue remote commands, if you need to... Use... Refer to...
Issue a command on a remote host, including a command that invokes a remote shell script or command procedure, with any output displayed at your terminal. RSH, REXEC Section 4.6, Section 4.7
Issue a command, without specifying user authentication information, on a remote host that has authentication files. RSH Section 4.6
Issue a command and password to a host that does not have authentication files for you. RSH/PASSWORD++ Section 4.7
To send and receive mail, if you need to... Use... Refer to...
Send mail to, and receive mail from, a remote host using SMTP. MAIL Chapter 6
Send and receive OpenVMS mail, at your PC. MAIL, POP Section 6.8


+This command must be entered at the remote UNIX host. A queue on your local OpenVMS system must be set up by the system manager to receive the UNIX print jobs. The queue must be identifiable by the UNIX system.
++Issuing the /PASSWORD qualifier with the RSH command invokes the REXEC facility, which sends the password to the specified remote host.

1.1.1 Services for Working with Files

FTP allows you to establish a session with the remote host and enter an unlimited number of commands that copy, display, or manipulate files and directories. The Anonymous FTP feature (see Section 3.4.2) allows you to connect to a remote host without specifying user authentication information. If that feature is not enabled, you must supply user authentication information for a remote host only once: when you first establish the FTP connection with the remote host. FTP allows you to determine or change the working directory on your host and on the remote host, and to perform various other operations on files and directories.

In contrast, RCP is limited to copying files. To copy files, each RCP command that you enter establishes a separate link for each file transfer with the specified remote host. With each RCP command, you must specify the remote host to or from which you want to copy files. As with FTP, RCP has a feature that allows you to connect to remote hosts without specifying user authentication information. However, if that feature is not enabled, you must enter user authentication information with each RCP command, rather than just once (as with FTP) for any number of subsequent commands for a connected host.

1.1.2 Services for Remote Logins

The RLOGIN, TELNET, and TN3270 facilities each allow you to log into a remote host and enable your terminal to perform as if directly connected to the remote host. Use RLOGIN for simple logins in which you do not require much customization or control of the terminal-to-host interaction. Use TELNET if you want to use its extensive terminal features and controls, or you want to open several terminal sessions with one or more remote hosts. With TELNET's extensive functionality, it can support a wider variety of terminal features and behaviors between disparate, otherwise incompatible, systems.

Use TN3270 to connect your terminal to a remote host that supports IBM 3270 IDS terminals. TN3270 assigns IBM 3270 functions to your DIGITAL keyboard and allows you to redefine keys.

1.1.3 Services for Issuing Commands at a Remote Host

RSH and REXEC allow you to send any commands supported by the remote host operating system. RSH and REXEC issue one command per link. If user authentication is required, you must enter the authentication information with each command. There is no REXEC command. You invoke REXEC when you enter the RSH command with a password (RSH/PASSWORD).

Note that RLOGIN, TELNET, and TN3270 allow you to log into a remote host once and then perform any number of commands supported by the remote host's operating system. TELNET and TN3270 also allow you to send certain commands to the connected remote host during a terminal session; however, these are a limited range of commands dealing with communication between hosts. They are not operating system commands. For example, you can send a command that aborts output or interrupts execution of a command you issued previously.

1.2 Client and Server Software

The user services include client and server software that communicates between host systems. Your local host includes client software that responds to your commands by requesting the appropriate services from the remote host you specify. If the remote host has the appropriate server software, the server on that host responds with the requested service.

For example, Figure 1-1 shows the interplay between the FTP local client and remote server. The FTP client software requests the FTP server software on Host B to open a connection.

Figure 1-1 FTP Client and Server Software Interacting



  1. (1) User MILTON issues an FTP CONNECT command from local host Host A to connect to remote host Host B.
  2. (2) The FTP local client sends a connection request to the FTP server on Host B.
  3. (3) The remote server grants the request, sending a data connection status message back to the local client.
  4. (4) The client displays at user MILTON's terminal the server connection status message and the remote host prompt for login information.

Once the connection is made, user MILTON can then log onto the remote system and use FTP to copy files and perform other related services. Note that both server and client software exist on each system supporting FTP. Thus, a user on Host B could connect to Host A and copy files back and forth from Host B.

1.3 User Commands

The FTP, TELNET, and TN3270 utilities include a wider variety of commands than do the other user services.

You can start FTP, TELNET, or TN3270 and connect to a remote host interactively in either of two ways:

In either case, you are prompted for user authentication information. (FTP includes a feature that allows you to connect to a remote host without specifying user authentication information (see Section 3.4.2).) You can also start these utilities by using a command procedure.

Start the Remote (R) and network printer services by specifying the appropriate command, host name, and parameters or qualifiers in one command line. If you specify the service command only (RCP, RSH, RLOGIN, PRINT, LPQ, or LPRM), the service prompts you for the information required for the command. The PRINT command supports remote printing using TCP/IP protocols and supporting the DCL PRINT qualifiers, with a few exceptions and additional features, as explained in Section 7.1.

When you enter the FINGER command without any host or user information, the service displays information about users on your local system. To display information about remote users, you need to specify the remote host name. For more details and options, see Chapter 2.

To start MAIL and then send a message to a user on another internet host, simply start the OpenVMS Mail utility as you normally do, and use the SEND command with the Internet address of the remote host, such as in the following example. The Mail utility will use the SMTP protocol to send the mail. (See Chapter 6 for details about exceptions and alternatives.)

$ MAIL
MAIL> send [Return]
To:     MALCOLM@PHILOS.BU.ORG [Return]
Subj:   FINAL EXAMS[Return]

1.4 Command Syntax

Use the following rules when you type a command line:

1.5 Online Help

The introductory material and command descriptions in this manual are also online. You can access them in any of the following ways:


Chapter 2
Accessing User Information Using the Finger Utility

For displaying information about users on remote systems and your local system, the DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS (UCX) product includes the Finger utility. For example, you can use the utility to determine which users are logged on to a system or to refresh your memory about the correct login name to use before using FTP or another service to connect to an account on a remote host.


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