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You can save paper when you restart interrupted print jobs by using the PAGE_LIMIT parameter to start the print job near the point where the print job stopped. For example:
$ SET ENTRY/PARAMETERS="PAGE_LIMIT=(30,)"/RELEASE 301 |
In this example, print job 301 was released and printing started on the 30th page of the print job.
Using the PAGE_LIMIT parameter will not save system overhead or processing time because the DECprint Supervisor software must process the entire print job from the beginning in order to print selected pages. |
When you use the PAGE_LIMIT parameter with duplex (two-sided) print jobs, the software ignores the respective positions of left (verso) and right (recto) pages. The first page you specify with the PAGE_LIMIT parameter will always be a recto page.
To successfully print with PAGE_LIMIT on both sides of the paper and maintain the positions of recto and verso pages, you must specify a recto page for the first page to print. |
Certain types of files contain instructions for the size of the page that will be printed. The application that generates PostScript files, for example, assumes a certain media size and generates PostScript data to create pages of that size.
Note, however, that the logical page size specified in the file differs from the physical size of a sheet of paper. You specify the physical sheet size using the SHEET_SIZE parameter. Use the PAGE_SIZE parameter to specify the logical page size for files that do not have instructions for the page size.
If you do not specify SHEET_SIZE in your PRINT command, the PAGE_SIZE value is assumed to be the physical sheet size as well. In a print job where neither PAGE_SIZE nor SHEET_SIZE are specified, the DECprint Supervisor software assumes the size of the media loaded into the default input tray.
To list the PAGE_SIZE values supported by the DECprint Supervisor, enter the HELP PRINT_PARAMETER PAGE_SIZE command.
To print an ANSI file using a logical page that will fit on a business envelope, enter the following command:
$ PRINT/PARAMETERS=PAGE_SIZE=BUSINESS_ENVELOPE ADDR.TXT |
If you include the PAGE_SIZE parameter in a print job for PostScript files, the parameter is ignored. However, you can include both the PAGE_SIZE and SHEET_SIZE parameters to allow the logical page to be adjusted to fit on the physical sheet (see Section 11.8).
Some page sizes are known by multiple names, as listed in
Table 11-2. You may use any of these names to specify a page size to
DCPS. The DCPS term is the term printed by DCPS on the trailer page and
reported in error messages.
11.8 Changing the Size of the Printed Page
In a PostScript file, the page size is the size of the media that the application assumes when generating the PostScript file. In most cases, the page size and the sheet size are identical. However, you can specify a different page size and sheet size so that the logical page is scaled to fit on the physiscal sheet. For example, use the following command tp print B-size images on A-size paper:
$ PRINT/PARAMETERS=(SHEET_SIZE=A,PAGE_SIZE=B) MOD_LINE.TXT |
When you specify the PAGE_SIZE and SHEET_SIZE parameters with different values, the DECprint Supervisor software automatically scales the pages to fit the sheet size, including borders around pages as if you had specified the NUMBER_UP parameter. You can use the LAYUP_DEFINITION parameter as described in Chapter 12 to disable borders.
Files that contain instructions to select a paper tray or media size may not print as expected when you use this method of scaling pages. |
Layup is a printing system feature that allows you to map logical pages to physical sheets. The page layout adjustments you can make include specifying the number of pages to print on each sheet of paper, setting margins, and using borders around pages.
Page layup adjustments can be specified in two ways. You can include
layup options directly in the PRINT command line, or you can include a
layup definition file in the print job.
12.1.1 Specifying Layup in the Print Job
You can include a layup definition file in the print job using the following command format:
$ PRINT file-name.PS/PARAMETERS=LAYUP_DEFINITION=layup_file |
In the PRINT command line, include the name of the layup definition file for layup_file, but do not include the file type .LUP.
You can directly specify one or more layup options in the PRINT command by including them in the LAYUP_DEFINITION parameter as shown here:
$ PRINT/PARAMETERS=(LAYUP="(NOBORDERS)",NUMBER_UP=2) |
This command is useful for disabling borders when using the NUMBER_UP parameter. When you provide layup options directly using the LAYUP_DEFINITION parameter, you must include the quotation marks and the parentheses to distinguish the options from a layup definition file name.
The layup options are listed in Table 12-1.
| Layup Option | Operation Performed | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| ALTERNATE | Exchanges a pair of margins on alternate sheets. | Section 12.1.2 |
| BORDERS | Draws a border around each page. | Section 12.1.3 |
| FIRSTPAGE | Specifies the first page spot (print location) where a page will be printed. | Section 12.1.4 |
| GRID | Sets the number of page spots on a sheet in columns and rows. (This option overrides NUMBER_UP.) | Section 12.1.5 |
| MARGINS= t,b,l,r | Sets the margins for a sheet, where t is the top margin, b is the bottom margin, l is the left margin, and r is the right margin. Pages are scaled to fit within the margins. | Section 12.1.6 |
| PAGEORDER | Specifies the order in which pages appear on a sheet. | Section 12.1.7 |
| PAGESPERSHEET | Sets the number of pages that will print per sheet, no matter how many page spots are set by NUMBER_UP. | Section 12.1.8 |
The following sections describe the layup options in more detail. Section 12.2.1 includes some sample layup definition files.
12.1.2 Specifying Margin Alternation
The ALTERNATE option lets you exchange a pair of margins on alternate
sheets. This option is useful to prepare a job for double-sided copying.
Table 12-2 describes the values that can be supplied to the ALTERNATE option.
| Value | Result |
|---|---|
| LEFT | Left and right margins alternate. |
| RIGHT | Left and right margins alternate. |
| none | Same behavior as LEFT. |
| TOP | Top and bottom margins alternate. |
| BOTTOM | Top and bottom margins alternate. |
If you specify ALTERNATE with no option values, the left and right margins alternate.
Margin alternation is part of the default processing for print jobs with the following print parameters:
Margin alternation is not performed as part of the default processing for print jobs with the following print parameters:
If you omit /PARAMETERS=SIDES from the PRINT command, the margin alternation processing depends on the printer hardware (refer to your printer owner's manual).
12.1.3 Specifying and Omitting Borders
The BORDERS option draws a border around each page. Borders are useful
for differentiating pages when you are printing a job using
PRINT/PARAMETERS=NUMBER_UP. (If you use NUMBER_UP, the default is to
draw borders.) You can turn off the borders using the NOBORDERS option.
Borders are drawn around actual pages only, not around all page spots. This feature allows you to distinguish between blank pages in a document and nonexistent pages. Figure 12-1 shows four pages printed on a sheet without the borders option. The command is:
$ PRINT/PARAMETERS=(NUMBER_UP=4,"LAYUP_DEFINITION=(NOBORDERS)") MYFILE.MEM |
Figure 12-2 shows the same pages printed with borders, which is the default action for print jobs with NUMBER_UP. The command is:
$ PRINT/PARAMETERS=NUMBER_UP=4 MYFILE.MEM |
Figure 12-1 NUMBER_UP =4 Without Borders
Figure 12-2 NUMBER_UP =4 With Borders
The FIRSTPAGE option specifies the first page spot (that is, location) where a page will be printed.
You must specify a value to FIRSTPAGE. The value is the number of the page spot on which to print the first page. Page spots are numbered starting at 1. The value supplied to FIRSTPAGE must be less than or equal to the value supplied to NUMBER_UP. You cannot specify NOFIRSTPAGE.
The default is to use the first page spot on a sheet.
The FIRSTPAGE option affects only the first sheet of the print job. All other sheets begin printing at page spot 1.
The FIRSTPAGE option is useful for specifying how to print pages when you need to preview the layout of pages for documents with right and left pages. Without the FIRSTPAGE option, pages are printed at all the page spots. You can use FIRSTPAGE to print your layout in a way that reflects the right and left pages.
Figure 12-3 shows how pages are printed when the NUMBER_UP value is 8 and the FIRSTPAGE value is not specified. For example:
$ PRINT/QUEUE=PS$A10/PARAMETERS=NUMBER_UP=8 MYFILE.PS |
Note that the last page printed on the first side is a left page.
Figure 12-3 NUMBER_UP =8 Without FIRSTPAGE
Figure 12-4 shows how pages are printed when NUMBER_UP=8 and FIRSTPAGE=2 are both used. For example:
$ PRINT/QUEUE=PS40$A10/PARAMETERS=(NUMBER_UP=8,"LAYUP_DEFINITION=(FIRSTPAGE=2)") MYFILE.PS |
As this figure shows, the last page printed is a right page.
Figure 12-4 NUMBER_UP =8 With FIRSTPAGE
Instead of using the NUMBER_UP parameter in the PRINT command to specify the maximum number of page spots on a sheet, you can use the GRID option in a layup definition file.
The GRID option takes two values. The first value is the number of columns in the grid, the second is the number of rows. The product of the two values cannot exceed 100.
The grid is interpreted in relation to the pages, not the sheet. As with NUMBER_UP, the orientation of the pages is independent of the sheet orientation. Thus, you can print pages with portrait orientation, but you hold the sheet in landscape to read them.
The following example specifies that the pages will print 6-up, in a grid of two columns across and three rows down:
Grid = 2, 3 |
The MARGINS option sets the margins of the sheet on which you are printing. This option takes four values. The values set the top, bottom, left, and right margins for a sheet. The numbers are interpreted as printer's points. (There are 72 points to an inch.)
Always specify the values for sheet margins in the following order: top, bottom, left, and right. Sheet margins are independent of whether the page is portrait or landscape orientation. Positive values move toward the center of the page; negative values move away from the center of the page.
When you print using a layup definition file that uses the MARGINS option, the page is scaled to fit on the area of the sheet that is left when margins are subtracted. Therefore, the size of text and graphics may be changed on the printed document to fit the margins you specify. When pages are scaled, the aspect ratio (relationship of page height to page width) is preserved. Where there is space left, it is equally divided on both sides of the page (see Figure 12-5).
Figure 12-5 Usable Sheet Area With MARGINS Option
If you specify the MARGINS option but do not specify any values, layup uses a value of 36 for all four margins. If you specify NOMARGINS, the software uses the value 0 for all four margins.
The default margin setting is a 36-point margin (a half inch) on all sides.
The following example creates a wide left margin:
$ PRINT/QUEUE=PS40$A10/PARAMETERS=("LAYUP_DEFINITION=(MARGINS=10,10,60,10)") MYFILE.TXT
|
This example sets the margins as follows:
| Top margin | 10 points |
| Bottom margin | 10 points |
| Left margin | 60 points |
| Right margin | 10 points |
The PAGEORDER option sets the order in which the pages appear on the sheet, that is, the reading order of the pages.
You must supply a value to PAGEORDER. Table 12-3 describes the eight values that can be used. The default page order is RightDown.
| Value | Description |
|---|---|
| RightDown | Pages are ordered left to right, top row first, then moving down. |
| LeftDown | Pages are ordered right to left, top row first, then moving down. |
| RightUp | Pages are ordered left to right, bottom row first, then moving up. |
| LeftUp | Pages are ordered right to left, bottom row first, then moving up. |
| DownRight | Pages are ordered top to bottom, left column first, then moving right. |
| DownLeft | Pages are ordered top to bottom, right column first, then moving left. |
| UpRight | Pages are ordered bottom to top, left column first, then moving right. |
| UpLeft | Pages are ordered bottom to top, right column first, then moving left. |
Figure 12-6 shows how pages are printed with each PAGEORDER value in landscape orientation.
Figure 12-6 PAGEORDER Options (Landscape Orientation)
Figure 12-7 shows how pages are printed with each PAGEORDER value in portrait orientation.
Figure 12-7 PAGEORDER Options (Portrait Orientation)
12.1.8 Specifying the Number of Pages to Print on Each Side of a Sheet
The NUMBER_UP parameter to the PRINT command determines the maximum
number of pages you can print for each sheet. The PAGESPERSHEET option
in a layup definition file specifies how many pages are actually
printed on a sheet.
Because NUMBER_UP determines the number of page spots, it also determines the layout of the page spots on the sheet. PAGESPERSHEET determines only the range of page spots to use, not their layout.
You must supply a value to PAGESPERSHEET, and the value must be less than the value supplied to NUMBER_UP. You cannot specify NOPAGESPERSHEET.
The default is to use all the page spots on a sheet.
For example, assume you have a layup definition file called SIXPAGES.LUP that contains the following line:
PagesPerSheet = 6 |
To print a file called MYFILE.TXT, use the following command:
$ PRINT/PARAMETERS=(LAYUP_DEFINITION=SIXPAGES,NUMBER_UP=8) MYFILE.TXT |
Even though this command provides eight page spots for each sheet, the
job prints with six pages on a sheet, leaving the other two page spots
blank.
12.2 Creating Layup Definition Files
You can create the layup definition files that you need, include options to specify the margins, page placement, and borders, and then ask your system manager to copy the file into a directory defined by the systemwide logical name DCPS$LAYUP.
When you create a layup definition file with selected layup options, follow these rules:
Some examples of layup definition files are provided with the
DECprint Supervisor software and are described in Section 12.2.1.
12.2.1 Sample Layup Definition Files
The first three layup definition files in this section are included with the DECprint Supervisor software. They are located in the directory SYS$COMMON:[SYSHLP.EXAMPLES.DCPS].
! LPS$SINGLEHOLES.LUP specifies a larger left margin to allow for ! hole punching. This file is for single sided printing. noborders margins = 19, 19, 60, 19 noalternate |
! LPS$DOUBLEHOLES.LUP specifies a larger left margin to allow for ! hole punching. This file is for double sided printing. noborders margins = 19, 19, 60, 19 alternate = left |
! LPS$NUP.LUP specifies a variation for 2 up printing. A larger ! left margin is specified to allow for hole punching. This file ! is for single sided printing. borders margins = 19, 19, 60, 19 |
! LPS$ShiftForHoles.LUP specifies a wide left margin for hole- ! punching without scaling down the size of the page image. The ! negative margin means some of the page image is off the physical ! sheet. It is meant for printing one page per sheet. noborders margins = 0, 0, 60, -60 |
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