 |
Compaq C
Compaq C
Run-Time Library Reference Manual for
OpenVMS Systems
mv[w]delch
Move the cursor to coordinates (y,x) and delete the character on the
specified window. The
mvdelch
function acts on the
stdscr
window.
Format
#include <curses.h>
int mvdelch (int y, int x);
int mvwdelch (WINDOW *win, int y, int x);
Arguments
win
A pointer to the window.
y
A window coordinate.
x
A window coordinate.
Description
Each of the following characters on the same line shifts to the left,
and the last character becomes blank.
Return Values
|
OK
|
Indicates success.
|
|
ERR
|
Indicates that deleting the character would cause the screen to scroll
illegally. For more information, see the
scrollok
function in this section.
|
mv[w]getch
Move the cursor to coordinates (y,x), get a character from the terminal
screen, and echo it on the specified window. The
mvgetch
function acts on the
stdscr
window.
Format
#include <curses.h>
int mvgetch (int y, int x);
int mvwgetch (WINDOW *win, int y, int x);
Arguments
win
A pointer to the window.
y
A window coordinate.
x
A window coordinate.
Description
The
mvgetch
and
mvwgetch
functions refresh the specified window before fetching the character.
Return Values
|
x
|
The returned character.
|
|
ERR
|
Indicates that the function causes the screen to scroll illegally. For
more information, see the
scrollok
function in this section.
|
mv[w]getstr
Move the cursor to coordinates (y,x), get a string from the terminal
screen, store it in the variable str which must be large
enough to contain the string, and echo it on the specified window. The
mvgetstr
function acts on the
stdscr
window.
Format
#include <curses.h>
int mvgetstr (int y, int x, char *str);
int mvwgetstr (WINDOW *win, int y, int x,
char *str);
Arguments
win
A pointer to the window.
y
A window coordinate.
x
A window coordinate.
str
The string that is displayed.
Description
The
mvgetstr
and
mvwgetstr
functions strip the new-line terminator (\n) from the string.
Return Values
|
OK
|
Indicates success.
|
|
ERR
|
Indicates that the function causes the screen to scroll illegally.
|
mv[w]inch
Move the cursor to coordinates (y,x) and return the character on the
specified window without making changes to the window. The
mvinch
function acts on the
stdscr
window.
Format
#include <curses.h>
int mvinch (int y, int x);
int mvwinch (WINDOW *win, int y, int x);
Arguments
win
A pointer to the window.
y
A window coordinate.
x
A window coordinate.
Return Values
|
x
|
The returned character.
|
|
ERR
|
Indicates an input error.
|
mv[w]insch
Move the cursor to coordinates (y,x) and insert the character
ch into the specified window. The
mvinsch
function acts on the
stdscr
window.
Format
#include <curses.h>
int mvinsch (int y, int x, char ch);
int mvwinsch (WINDOW *win, int y, int x,
char ch);
Arguments
win
A pointer to the window.
y
A window coordinate.
x
A window coordinate.
ch
The character to be inserted at the window's coordinates.
Description
After the character is inserted, each character on the line shifts to
the right, and the last character on the line is deleted.
Return Values
|
OK
|
Indicates success.
|
|
ERR
|
Indicates that the function makes the screen scroll illegally. For more
information, see the
scrollok
function in this section.
|
mv[w]insstr
Move the cursor to coordinates (y,x) and insert the specified string
into the specified window. The
mvinsstr
function acts on the
stdscr
window.
Format
#include <curses.h>
int mvinsstr (int y, int x, char *str);
int mvwinsstr (WINDOW *win, int y, int x,
char *str);
Arguments
win
A pointer to the window.
y
A window coordinate.
x
A window coordinate.
str
The string that is displayed.
Description
Each character after the string shifts to the right, and the last
character disappears. The
mvinsstr
and
mvwinsstr
functions are specific to Compaq C for OpenVMS Systems and are not portable.
Return Values
|
OK
|
Indicates success.
|
|
ERR
|
Indicates that the function makes the screen scroll illegally. For more
information, see the
scrollok
function in this section.
|
mvwin
Moves the starting position of the window to the specified (y,x)
coordinates.
Format
#include <curses.h>
mvwin (WINDOW *win, int y, int x);
Arguments
win
A pointer to the window.
y
A window coordinate.
x
A window coordinate.
Description
When moving subwindows, the
mvwin
function does not rewrite the contents of the subwindow on the
underlying window at the new position. If you write anything to the
subwindow after the move, the function also writes to the underlying
window.
Return Values
|
OK
|
Indicates success.
|
|
ERR
|
Indicates that moving the window put part or all of the window off the
edge of the terminal screen. The terminal screen remains unaltered.
|
newwin
Creates a new window with numlines lines and numcols
columns starting at the coordinates (begin_y,begin_x)
on the terminal screen.
Format
#include <curses.h>
WINDOW *newwin (int numlines, int numcols, int
begin_y, int begin_x);
Arguments
numlines
If it is 0, the
newwin
function sets that dimension to LINES (begin_y). To get a new
window of dimensions LINES by COLS, use the following line:
numcols
If it is 0, the
newwin
function sets that dimension to COLS (begin_x). Thus, to get a
new window of dimensions LINES by COLS, use the following line:
begin_y
A window coordinate.
begin_x
A window coordinate.
Return Values
|
x
|
The address of the allocated window.
|
|
ERR
|
Indicates an error.
|
nextafter (ALPHA ONLY)
Returns the next machine-representable number following x in
the direction of y.
Format
#include <math.h>
double nextafter (double x, double y);
float nextafterf (float x, float y);
long double nextafterl (long double x, long double y);
Argument
x
A real number.
y
A real number.
Description
The
nextafter
functions return the next machine-representable floating-point number
following x in the direction of y. If y is
less than x,
nextafter
returns the largest representable floating-point number less than
x.
Return Values
|
x
|
The next representable floating-point value following
x in the direction of
y.
|
|
HUGE_VAL
|
Overflow;
errno
is set to ERANGE.
|
|
NaN
|
x or
y is NaN;
errno
is set to EDOM.
|
nice
Increases or decreases process priority relative to the process current
priority by the amount of the argument. This function is nonreentrant.
Format
#include <unistd.h>
int nice (int increment);
Argument
increment
As a positive argument, decreases priority; as a negative argument,
increases priority. Issuing
nice(0)
restores the base priority. The resulting priority cannot be less than
1, or greater than the process's base priority. If it is, the
nice
function quietly does nothing.
Description
When a process calls the
vfork
function, the resulting child inherits the parent's priority.
See also
vfork
in this section.
Return Values
|
0
|
Indicates success.
|
|
--1
|
Indicates failure.
|
nint (ALPHA ONLY)
Returns the nearest integral value to the argument.
Format
#include <math.h>
double nint (double x);
float nintf (float x,);
long double nintl (long double x);
Argument
x
A real number.
Description
The
nint
functions return the nearest integral value to x, except
halfway cases are rounded to the integral value larger in magnitude.
This corresponds to the FORTRAN generic intrinsic function
nint
.
Return Values
|
n
|
The nearest integral value to
x.
|
|
NaN
|
x is NaN;
errno
is set to EDOM.
|
[no]nl
The
nl
and
nonl
functions are provided only for UNIX software compatibility and have no
function in the OpenVMS environment.
Format
#include <curses.h>
void nl (void);
void nonl (void);
nl_langinfo
Returns a pointer to a string that contains information obtained from
the program's current locale.
Format
#include <langinfo.h>
char *nl_langinfo (nl_item item);
Arguments
item
The name of a constant that specifies the information required. These
constants are defined in
<langinfo.h>
.
The following constants are valid:
| Constant |
Category |
Description |
|
D_T_FMT
|
LC_TIME
|
String for formatting date and time
|
|
D_FMT
|
LC_TIME
|
String for formatting date
|
|
T_FMT
|
LC_TIME
|
String for formatting time
|
|
T_FMT_AMPM
|
LC_TIME
|
Time format with AM/PM string
|
|
AM_STR
|
LC_TIME
|
String that represents AM in 12-hour clock notation
|
|
PM_STR
|
LC_TIME
|
String that represents PM in 12-hour clock notation
|
|
DAY_1
|
LC_TIME
|
The name of the first day of the week
|
|
...
|
|
|
|
DAY_7
|
LC_TIME
|
The name of the seventh day of the week
|
|
ABDAY_1
|
LC_TIME
|
The abbreviated name of the first day of the week
|
|
...
|
|
|
|
ABDAY_7
|
LC_TIME
|
The abbreviated name of the seventh day of the week
|
|
MON_1
|
LC_TIME
|
The name of the first month in the year
|
|
...
|
|
|
|
MON_12
|
LC_TIME
|
The name of the twelfth month in the year
|
|
ABMON_1
|
LC_TIME
|
The abbreviated name of the first month in the year
|
|
...
|
|
|
|
ABMON_12
|
LC_TIME
|
The abbreviated name of the twelfth month in the year
|
|
ERA
|
LC_TIME
|
Era description strings
|
|
ERA_D_FMT
|
LC_TIME
|
Era date format string
|
|
ERA_T_FMT
|
LC_TIME
|
Era time format
|
|
ERA_D_T_FMT
|
LC_TIME
|
Era date and time format
|
|
ALT_DIGITS
|
LC_TIME
|
Alternative symbols for digits
|
|
RADIXCHAR
|
LC_NUMERIC
|
The radix character
|
|
THOUSEP
|
LC_NUMERIC
|
The character used to separate groups of digits in non-monetary values
|
|
YESEXP
|
LC_MESSAGES
|
The expression for affirmative responses to yes/no questions
|
|
NOEXP
|
LC_MESSAGES
|
The expression for negative responses to yes/no questions
|
|
CRNCYSTR
|
LC_MONETARY
|
The currency symbol. It is preceded by one of the following:
- A minus (-) if the symbol is to appear before the value
- A plus (+) if the symbol is to appear after the value
- A period (.) if the symbol replaces the radix character
|
|
CODESET
|
LC_CTYPE
|
Codeset name
|
Description
If the current locale does not have language information defined, the
function returns information from the C locale. The program should not
modify the string returned by the function. This string might be
overwritten by subsequent calls to
nl_langinfo
.
If the
setlocale
function is called after a call to
nl_langinfo
, then the pointer returned by the previous call to
nl_langinfo
will be unspecified. In this case, the
nl_langinfo
function should be called again.
Return Values
|
x
|
Pointer to the string containing the requested information. If
item is invalid, the function returns an empty string.
|
Example
#include <stdio.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <langinfo.h>
/* This test sets up the British English locale, and then */
/* inquires on the data and time format, first day of the week, */
/* and abbreviated first day of the week. */
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
int main()
{
char *return_val;
char *nl_ptr;
/* set the locale, with user supplied locale name */
return_val = setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_gb.iso8859-1");
if (return_val == NULL) {
printf("ERROR : The locale is unknown");
exit(1);
}
printf("+----------------------------------------+\n");
/* Get the date and time format from the locale. */
printf("D_T_FMT = ");
/* Compare the returned string from nl_langinfo with */
/* an empty string. */
if (!strcmp((nl_ptr = (char *) nl_langinfo(D_T_FMT)), "")) {
/* The string returned was empty this could mean that either */
/* 1) The locale does not contain a value for this item */
/* 2) The value for this item is an empty string */
printf("nl_langinfo returned an empty string\n");
}
else {
/* Display the date and time format */
printf("%s\n", nl_ptr);
}
/* Get the full name for the first day of the week from locale */
printf("DAY_1 = ");
/* Compare the returned string from nl_langinfo with */
/* an empty string. */
if (!strcmp((nl_ptr = (char *) nl_langinfo(DAY_1)), "")) {
/* The string returned was empty this could mean that either */
/* 1) The locale does not contain a value for the first */
/* day of the week */
/* 2) The value for the first day of the week is */
/* an empty string */
printf("nl_langinfo returned an empty string\n");
}
else {
/* Display the full name of the first day of the week */
printf("%s\n", nl_ptr);
}
/* Get the abbreviated name for the first day of the week
from locale */
printf("ABDAY_1 = ");
/* Compare the returned string from nl_langinfo with an empty */
/* string. */
if (!strcmp((nl_ptr = (char *) nl_langinfo(ABDAY_1)), "")) {
/* The string returned was empty this could mean that either */
/* 1) The locale does not contain a value for the first */
/* day of the week */
/* 2) The value for the first day of the week is an */
/* empty string */
printf("nl_langinfo returned an empty string\n");
}
else {
/* Display the abbreviated name of the first day of the week */
printf("%s\n", nl_ptr);
}
}
|
Running the example program produces the following result:
+----------------------------------------+
D_T_FMT = %a %e %b %H:%M:%S %Y
DAY_1 = Sunday
ABDAY_1 = Sun
|
|
 |
|
