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| Document revision date: 19 July 1999 | |
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This chapter describes all of the Extensible Versatile Editor (EVE) commands in alphabetical order.
@ initialization-file
initialization-file
The initialization file you want to execute. The default file type is EVE. You can use logical names in the file specification; you cannot use wildcards. For example, you can use SYS$LOGIN or another OpenVMS logical name to specify the device or directory for the initialization file. You can use several initialization files during an editing session, but you can execute only one at a time. If you do not specify a file, EVE prompts for one. Pressing the Return key or the Do key at the prompt without typing anything cancels the operation.
The @ command executes an initialization file you specify. An initialization file contains a list of EVE commands to set editing attributes, define keys, or execute a series of related commands that are not saved in a section file or command file. Each command in the initialization file must be on a separate line, with no continuations. If a command in the initialization file requires more information, such as a keyword or other parameter, EVE prompts for the additional information before continuing to execute the initialization file; otherwise, the individual command lines do not appear in the command window.Comments must begin with an exclamation point (!) and must be on lines separate from commands. You cannot nest initialization files---that is, you cannot use the @ command in an initialization file.
Using the @ command does not affect buffer settings in the same way as executing an initialization file when you invoke EVE (for example, by using the /INITIALIZATION qualifier). When you use the @ command, commands in the initialization file for buffer settings, such as SET RIGHT MARGIN, apply to the current buffer. When you execute an initialization file at startup, commands for buffer settings apply to the MAIN (or first) buffer and to an EVE system buffer named $DEFAULTS$. Each subsequent buffer you create will have the same settings.
You cannot use some commands in an initialization file, for example those that you execute only by pressing a key (for example, RECALL and REMEMBER) or those that always require pressing a key or some other interaction (for example QUOTE and REPLACE). (For more information about using initialization files, use the online help in EVE.)
The following is a sample EVE initialization file that contains commands to set editing attributes and to define keys:
! MYINIT.EVE initialization file ! SET LEFT MARGIN 5 SET PARAGRAPH INDENT 4 SET RIGHT MARGIN 70 SET TABS EVERY 10 SET SCROLL MARGINS 9% 9% SET FIND WHITESPACE ! Key definitions SET KEYPAD EDT DEFINE KEY= F20 SHOW BUFFERS DEFINE KEY= Ctrl/P PAGINATE DEFINE KEY= GOLD-B BOX SELECT DEFINE KEY= GOLD-P BOX PASTE DEFINE KEY= KP7 WPS GOLD-R
The following command executes an initialization file named MYINIT.EVE in your OpenVMS top-level, login directory:
Command: @ SYS$LOGIN:MYINIT
Executing commands in initialization file: DISK$1:[USER]MYINIT.EVE;1
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ATTACH [process]
process
The other process or subprocess to which you want to attach the terminal. The other process or subprocess must already exist; the ATTACH command does not create it. Process names are case sensitive and must be from 1 to 15 alphanumeric characters. To specify a process name that contains spaces or lowercase letters, you must include the name in quotation marks. You cannot specify a process ID. If you do not specify a process or subprocess, EVE attaches the terminal to the parent process.
The ATTACH command suspends your editing session, without ending it, and attaches the terminal to another process or subprocess. With the ATTACH and SPAWN commands (in EVE, at DCL level, or in other utilities such as MAIL), you can keep an editing session active continuously. This makes it faster to resume editing but uses more system resources.You cannot use ATTACH with the DECwindows interface. However, because you can run other DECwindows applications concurrently or create DECterm windows, you may not need to use ATTACH.
In the following example, the DCL command SPAWN creates a subprocess named USER_1, invoking EVE to edit a file called MEMO.TXT. While you are editing the MEMO.TXT buffer, the EVE command ATTACH returns control to process USER (the parent process). After you complete work at the DCL level, the DCL command ATTACH USER_1 resumes the editing session. Exiting from EVE terminates the subprocess.
$ SPAWN EDIT/TPU MEMO.TXT
%DCL-S-SPAWNED, process USER_1 spawned
%DCL-S-ATTACHED, terminal now attached to process USER_1
.
. [ editing MEMO.TXT (subprocess USER_1) ]
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Command: ATTACH
%DCL-S-RETURNED, control returned to parent process USER
$
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. [ at DCL level (process USER) ]
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$ ATTACH USER_1
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. [ editing MEMO.TXT (subprocess USER_1) ]
.
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In the following example, ATTACH specifies a process name that contains a space and lowercase letters:
Command: ATTACH "Brian 1"
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| EVE Default: | GOLD-<downarrow symbol> |
| VT100 Keypad: | GOLD-<downarrow symbol> |
| EDT Keypad: | GOLD-KP4 |
| WPS Keypad: | GOLD-B |
BOTTOM
The BOTTOM command moves the cursor to the end of the current buffer, unless it is already there. The bottom of the buffer is marked [End of file]. You can move the cursor past the [End of file] marker---if the cursor is free and if the buffer is shorter than the window length. In such cases, the next edits you make (such as typing text) reposition the [End of file] marker appropriately (to the end of the buffer).EVE defines the GOLD-<downarrow symbol> key sequence as BOTTOM, but does not define a default GOLD key. The definition is enabled when you use the SET GOLD KEY, SET KEYPAD EDT, or SET KEYPAD WPS command, unless you have otherwise defined it yourself.
BOX COPY
The BOX COPY command copies a box without removing it so you can paste it elsewhere. If you select or find a standard linear range, BOX COPY treats the start and end of the range as diagonally opposite corners of a box. Thus, you can use BOX COPY with SELECT, FIND, or WILDCARD FIND. (You cannot use BOX COPY with SELECT ALL.)Copying a box converts to spaces any tab characters in the box or overlapping the box (see the description of the CONVERT TABS command), and adds spaces to the lines or line segments of the copied text to keep its rectangular shape. If SET BOX NOPAD is in effect, then tab characters to the right of the box are also converted to spaces if the buffer is in insert mode.
If SET BOX SELECT is in effect, then COPY or STORE TEXT is the same as BOX COPY; for example, you can press GOLD-Remove.
Depending on your setting, the copied text is stored in the INSERT HERE buffer or the DECwindows clipboard, replacing what you previously copied or removed to that storage area. The default is SET NOCLIPBOARD, which uses the INSERT HERE buffer.
BOX CUT
The BOX CUT command cuts a box so that you can paste it elsewhere. If you select or find a standard linear range, BOX CUT treats the start and end of the range as diagonally opposite corners of a box. Thus, you can use BOX CUT with SELECT, FIND, or WILDCARD FIND. (You cannot use BOX CUT with SELECT ALL.)Depending on your setting, the removed text is stored in the INSERT HERE buffer or the DECwindows clipboard, replacing what you previously copied or removed to that storage area. The default is SET NOCLIPBOARD, which uses the INSERT HERE buffer.
By default, BOX CUT pads the area with spaces to keep the column alignment of text to the right of the box---unless SET BOX NOPAD is in effect, and you are cutting from an insert-mode buffer:
Settings Effects with BOX CUT SET BOX NOPAD BOX CUT depends on the mode of the buffer you are editing. In insert mode, text to the right of the box "collapses" to the left, closing the gap. In overstrike mode, the area is padded with spaces. SET BOX PAD
(default)BOX CUT pads with spaces, regardless of the mode of the buffer. To override these effects without changing your settings, use BOX CUT INSERT or BOX CUT OVERSTRIKE.
Cutting a box converts to spaces any tab characters in the box or overlapping the box (see the description of the CONVERT TABS command). If SET BOX NOPAD is in effect, then tab characters to the right of the box are also converted to spaces if the buffer is in insert mode. If you are editing an unmodifiable buffer, BOX CUT is the same as BOX COPY.
In the Buffer List, BOX CUT deletes the buffer whose name the cursor is on. You do not have to type the buffer name. See the description of the DELETE BUFFER or SHOW BUFFERS command.
BOX CUT INSERT
The BOX CUT INSERT command cuts a box so that you can paste it elsewhere. Text to the right of the box moves to the left, closing the gap, regardless of your settings.By default, cutting a box pads the area with spaces to keep the column alignment of text to the right---same as BOX CUT OVERSTRIKE. With BOX CUT INSERT, you can override this effect without changing your settings. For more information, see the description of the BOX CUT command.
BOX CUT OVERSTRIKE
The BOX CUT OVERSTRIKE command cuts a box so that you can paste it elsewhere. By default, cutting a box pads the area with spaces to keep the column alignment of text to the right of the box, unless SET BOX NOPAD is in effect and you cut a box from an insert-mode buffer. With BOX CUT OVERSTRIKE, you can override your settings and force the default behavior without changing your settings. For more information, see the description of the BOX CUT command.
BOX PASTE
The BOX PASTE command pastes a box you cut or copied.If SET BOX SELECT is in effect, INSERT HERE or PASTE is the same as BOX PASTE; for example, you can press the Insert Here key.
By default, BOX PASTE overwrites existing text, unless SET BOX NOPAD is in effect and you paste into an insert-mode buffer:
Settings Effects with BOX PASTE SET BOX NOPAD BOX PAD depends on the mode of the buffer you are editing. In insert mode, the box pushes existing text to the right. In overstrike mode, it overwrites existing text. SET BOX PAD
(default)BOX PASTE overwrites existing text regardless of the mode of the buffer. To override these effects without changing your settings, use BOX PASTE INSERT or BOX PASTE OVERSTRIKE.
Depending on your setting, the text is pasted from the INSERT HERE buffer or the DECwindows clipboard. The default is SET NOCLIPBOARD, which uses the INSERT HERE buffer.
Pasting a box converts to spaces any tab characters in the box or overlapping the box (see the description of the CONVERT TABS command). If SET BOX NOPAD is in effect, then tab characters to the right of the box are also converted to spaces if the buffer is in insert mode.
If you copy or cut a standard linear range (by using COPY, CUT, REMOVE, or STORE TEXT instead of BOX COPY or BOX CUT) and then use BOX PASTE, the pasted box may have a ragged right edge because the copy or cut did not pad the text with spaces.
BOX PASTE INSERT
The BOX PASTE INSERT command pastes a box you copied or cut, pushing existing text to the right of the box, regardless of your settings. By default, pasting a box overwrites existing text---same as BOX PASTE OVERSTRIKE. With BOX PASTE INSERT, you can override this effect without changing your settings, for example, to paste a column into a table. For more information, see the description of the BOX PASTE command.
BOX PASTE OVERSTRIKE
The BOX PASTE OVERSTRIKE command pastes a box you copied or cut. By default, pasting a box overwrites existing text, unless SET BOX NOPAD is in effect and you paste a box into an insert-mode buffer. With BOX PASTE OVERSTRIKE, you can override your settings and force the default behavior without changing your settings. For more information, see the description of the BOX PASTE command.
BOX SELECT
The BOX SELECT command selects a box (rather than a linear range) for an editing operation, such as case change, copying, cutting, or filling. With BOX SELECT, you can edit a rectangular block of text, which contains parts of several lines, rather than a contiguous linear range. Thus, you can select and edit part of a table or list.Table 2-1 lists the commands and keys you can use to edit a box.
Table 2-1 EVE Commands and Keys for Editing a Box EVE Commands: BOX COPY
BOX CUT
CAPITALIZE WORD
CONVERT TABS
DELETE (if pending delete is enabled)
FILL or FILL RANGE
FIND SELECTED
LOWERCASE WORD
OPEN SELECTED
REMOVE or CUT
SPELL (if DECspell is installed on your system)
STORE TEXT or COPY
UPPERCASE WORDEDT Keys: Append (KP9)
ChngCase (GOLD-KP1)
EDT Replace (GOLD-KP9)
Subs (GOLD-ENTER)WPS Keys: WPS Copy (GOLD-MINUS)
WPS Cut (MINUS or REMOVE)
Lowercase (GOLD-KP3)
WPS Replace (GOLD-' or GOLD-")
Uppercase (KP3)You can cancel the selection by using the RESET command, repeating the BOX SELECT or SELECT command, or by clicking on MB1 once. If you selected a box by clicking or dragging the mouse, you can move the cursor out of the select range (for example, by pressing the <downarrow symbol> key).
In the Buffer List, you can view a buffer whose name the cursor is on without having to type the buffer name. See the description of the SHOW BUFFERS command.
If the $CHOICES$ buffer is displayed and you are in the list of choices, pressing a key defined as BOX SELECT copies a choice onto the command line. For more information, read the online help topic on Choices Buffer.
BUFFER buffer-name
buffer-name
The buffer you want to edit or create. When you return to an existing buffer, you can abbreviate the buffer name. Buffer names are not case sensitive.You cannot use wildcards in the buffer name; for example, an asterisk (*) is treated as a character in the buffer name. If more than one name matches your request, EVE shows a list of the matching names so you can choose the one you want. If you do not specify a buffer, EVE prompts for one. Pressing the Return key or the Do key at the prompt without typing anything cancels the operation.
The BUFFER command puts a specified buffer into the current EVE window. If the buffer exists, EVE returns the cursor to your last position in that buffer. If the buffer does not exist, EVE creates a new buffer and puts the cursor at the top of that buffer (upper left corner).To return to a buffer that you previously viewed, use the BUFFER command and specify the buffer name. A buffer name is the same as the file it contains---that is, the file specified when you invoked EVE or when you used the GET FILE, OPEN, or OPEN SELECTED command. For a list of the buffers you created, use the SHOW BUFFERS command.
You can also use the BUFFER command to view EVE system buffers such as the MESSAGES buffer, DCL buffer, or INSERT HERE buffer. For a list of the buffers EVE creates, use the SHOW SYSTEM BUFFERS command.
Buffers you create have the same margins and other settings as an EVE system buffer named $DEFAULTS$.
To put a buffer named MEMO.TXT into the current window to return the cursor to your last position in that buffer, or to create a new buffer, use the following command:
Command: BUFFER MEMO.TXT
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CAPITALIZE WORD
The CAPITALIZE WORD command changes the case of a range, box, or single word, making the first character uppercase (if it is a letter) and the other letters lowercase. You can use CAPITALIZE WORD with a select range, found range, or box. With a select range or found range, CAPITALIZE WORD works on each word in the range, starting with the first character of the range and ending at the end of the range.If there is no select range or found range, CAPITALIZE WORD works on the current word. If you are between words, it works on the next word on the line.
The following commands find a string of text and then initial capitalize each of the words in the string:
Command: FIND digital equipment corporation
Command: CAPITALIZE WORD
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The result is Digital Equipment Corporation.
| WPS Keypad: | GOLD-C |
CENTER LINE
The CENTER LINE command centers the current line between the left and right margins of the buffer by inserting spaces at the start of the line. CENTER LINE deletes existing spaces and tabs at the beginning and end of the line, but does not affect spaces and tabs within the line. You can adjust the centering by erasing some of the spaces at the start of the line, or by adding spaces or tabs at the start of the line.If you are on a blank line, CENTER LINE inserts spaces to move the cursor to the center column between the left and right margins.
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