Updated: 11 December 1998

Extensible Versatile Editor Reference Manual

Key

Format

CHANGE DIRECTION

Description

The CHANGE DIRECTION command changes the direction of the current buffer from forward to reverse or conversely. The direction of the buffer is shown in the status line. It affects commands and keys for searches and cursor movement, as listed in Table 2-2.

Table 2-2 EVE Direction-Sensitive Commands and Keys

EVE Commands:	FIND FIND NEXT FIND SELECTED MOVE BY LINE MOVE BY PAGE MOVE BY WORD REPLACE WILDCARD FIND
EDT Keys:	Char (KP3) EOL (KP2) FndNxT (PF3) EDT Line (KP0) Sect (KP8) Subs (GOLD-ENTER) Word (KP1)
WPS Keys:	Continue Search (GOLD-.) Continue Search/Select (GOLD-/ or GOLD-?) WPS Line (KP2 or GOLD-KP2) Paragraph (KP5) Search Right Angle (ENTER) Sentence (KP7 or GOLD-KP7) Tab Position (KP8) Word (KP4 or GOLD-KP4)

Direction is a buffer-specific setting; you can have one buffer set to forward and another buffer set to reverse. For buffers you create, the default direction is forward (right and down).

For editing EVE command lines, the default direction is reverse. To change the direction when you are editing a command line, press a key defined as CHANGE DIRECTION. This direction remains in effect until you change it again---it does not revert to the previous direction after you finish typing a command. It is independent of the direction of your text buffers.

If you press a key defined as FIND or WILDCARD FIND, or if you type either command and let EVE prompt you for the search string, you can terminate the response by pressing a direction-setting key to begin searching in that direction. For example, you can press F11 to begin the search in the direction opposite that of the buffer. If you terminate the response by pressing the Return key, the search starts in the current direction of the buffer, as shown in the status line.

Related Commands

• FORWARD
• REVERSE

Key

Format

CHANGE MODE

Description

The CHANGE MODE command changes the mode of the current buffer from insert to overstrike or conversely. The mode of the current buffer is shown in the status line. You can have one buffer set to insert and another buffer set to overstrike. For buffers you create, the default is insert mode. It affects not only how text is entered, but also some EVE commands and keys, as listed in Table 2-3.

Table 2-3 EVE Mode-Sensitive Commands and Keys

EVE Commands:	DELETE ERASE CHARACTER QUOTE RESTORE CHARACTER
EDT Keys:	Delete Char (COMMA) SpecIns (GOLD-KP3)
WPS Keys:	Delete Char (PF4)

If you use SET BOX NOPAD, the mode of the buffer affects box editing as follows:

Mode of Buffer	Effects with SET BOX NOPAD
INSERT (default)	Cutting a box (or erasing a box selection with pending delete) makes text to the right of the box "collapse" to the left, closing the gap. Pasting or restoring a box pushes existing text to the right.
OVERSTRIKE	Cutting a box (or erasing a box selection with pending delete) pads the area with spaces to keep the column alignment of text to the right of the box. Pasting or restoring a box overwrites existing text. Thus, in overstrike mode, box editing is the same as with SET BOX PAD, which is the default.

The default mode for replying to EVE prompts matches the default mode of your terminal setting (on character-cell terminals only), according to the DCL command SET TERMINAL. To change the mode when you are editing a command line, press Ctrl/A or other key defined as CHANGE MODE. This mode remains in effect until you change it again; it does not revert to the previous mode after you finish typing a command. It is independent of the mode of your text buffers.

If you set the buffer to unmodifiable (for example, by using the command SET BUFFER READ_ONLY), then Unmodifiable appears in the status line instead of Insert or Overstrike. To change the mode of an unmodifiable buffer, first use the command SET BUFFER MODIFIABLE.

Related Commands

• INSERT MODE
• OVERSTRIKE MODE
• SET BUFFER

Format

CONVERT TABS

Description

The CONVERT TABS command converts tab characters to the appropriate number of spaces in a range, a box, or the entire buffer. CONVERT TABS is useful if your text will be printed or displayed on devices with tab stops different from those used in editing.

You can use CONVERT TABS with a select range, found range, or box. If you do not select or find text, CONVERT TABS works on the entire buffer. In converting tabs for an entire buffer, if the cursor is on a tab character, CONVERT TABS moves the cursor to the right.

Some box editing operations, such as cutting or filling a box, convert tabs to spaces. See the descriptions of the BOX COPY, BOX CUT, and BOX PASTE commands.

If you want TAB to insert spaces, rather than a tab character, use the following command:

Command: SET TABS SPACES

Related Commands

• SET TABS
• TAB

Key

Format

COPY

Description

The COPY command copies a range or box without removing it so you can paste it elsewhere. This command is the same as the STORE TEXT command.

COPY (or STORE TEXT) is not the same as the WPS Copy key. COPY uses either the INSERT HERE buffer or the DECwindows clipboard, depending on your setting. The WPS Copy key uses either the INSERT HERE buffer or WPS-style alternate paste buffers but does not use the clipboard.

With a box selection, or if SET BOX SELECT is in effect, COPY is the same as BOX COPY. Thus, you do not need to redefine keys to copy a box. For more information, see the description of the BOX COPY command or read the online help topic on Ranges and Boxes.

The copied text is stored either in the INSERT HERE buffer or in the DECwindows clipboard, depending on your setting, and replaces in that storage area whatever you previously copied or removed. The default is SET NOCLIPBOARD, which uses the INSERT HERE buffer. For more information, see the description of the SET CLIPBOARD command.

Note GOLD-Remove is a "sleeper" key, meaning that EVE defines this key sequence but does not define a default GOLD key. The definition is enabled when you use the SET GOLD KEY, SET KEYPAD EDT, or SET KEYPAD WPS command, unless you have otherwise defined it yourself.

Related Commands

• BOX COPY
• BOX PASTE
• INSERT HERE
• REMOVE
• SET BOX SELECT
• SET CLIPBOARD
• STORE TEXT

Key

Format

CUT

Description

The CUT command removes a box or range, which you can then paste elsewhere. CUT is similar to the REMOVE command.

CUT is not the same as the WPS Cut key. CUT uses either the INSERT HERE buffer in EVE or the DECwindows clipboard, depending on your setting. The WPS Cut key uses either the INSERT HERE buffer or a WPS-style alternate paste buffer but does not use the clipboard.

With a box selection, or if SET BOX SELECT is in effect, CUT is the same as BOX CUT, usually padding the area with spaces to keep the column alignment of text to the right of the box. Thus, you do not need to redefine keys to cut a box. For more information, see the description of the BOX CUT command or read the online help topic on Ranges and Boxes.

The cut text is stored either in the INSERT HERE buffer in EVE or in the DECwindows clipboard, depending on your setting, and replaces in that storage area whatever you previously cut or copied. The default is NOCLIPBOARD, which uses the INSERT HERE buffer. For more information, see the description of the SET CLIPBOARD command.

If you use CUT in an unmodifiable buffer, EVE does the STORE TEXT or BOX COPY command instead, copying the highlighted text without removing it.

In the Buffer List, CUT deletes a buffer without your having to type the buffer name. See the description of the DELETE BUFFER or SHOW BUFFERS command.

The WPS keypad redefines the Cut key on the minikeypad as WPS Cut, which lets you use WPS-style alternate paste buffers or the INSERT HERE buffer, but does not use the clipboard.

Related Commands

• BOX CUT
• CUT
• INSERT HERE
• REMOVE
• SET BOX PAD
• SET BOX SELECT
• SET CLIPBOARD
• STORE TEXT

Format

DCL dcl-command

Parameter

dcl-command

The DCL command you want to execute, including any required parameters. If you do not specify a command, EVE prompts for one. Pressing the Return key or the Do key at the prompt without typing anything cancels the operation.

Description

The DCL command executes a DCL command from within your editing session, and splits the current window in two. One window shows the buffer you are editing. The other window shows the DCL buffer. (If you are already using two or more windows, EVE uses the next or other window to show the DCL buffer.)

EVE creates a subprocess for executing the system command. When the command finishes, the cursor automatically returns to your last position in the buffer you are editing in the other window. The DCL window stays on the screen.

You can edit the DCL buffer to move the output from the system command into another buffer. To delete the DCL window, use the ONE WINDOW command.

Because EVE creates a subprocess, some commands apply only to that subprocess and do not affect the process in which you are running EVE. For example, the command DCL SET DEFAULT does not change the current, default directory for subsequent EVE commands such as GET FILE, INCLUDE FILE, or SAVE EXTENDED EVE.

Using the DCL command to invoke an application or utility may continue the subprocess after the command is completed. Subsequent DCL commands may not work until you end the subprocess for that utility. For example, if you use the command DCL HELP to read a help topic and then use another system command, such as DIRECTORY, the subprocess is still running HELP and cannot perform the DIRECTORY command. In such cases, you must pass a Ctrl/Z to the DCL subprocess by using the QUOTE command (Ctrl/V), as follows:

Command: DCL DCL command: [Ctrl/V] Press the key to be added: [Ctrl/Z]

This causes the subprocess to exit HELP.

Do not use the EVE command DCL to execute a command that invokes another application (such as MAIL) or that performs screen management, which would interfere with EVE. Instead, use the SPAWN command.

Related Commands

• ATTACH
• SHELL
• SPAWN
• SPELL

Example

The following command splits the EVE window (unless it is already split), and displays the DCL command and its output (the OpenVMS directory listing) in the window displaying the DCL buffer:

Command: DCL DIRECTORY *.TXT
      

Same as the DEFINE KEY command.

Format

DEFINE KEY [=keyname]

• command
• keypad key

Parameters

=keyname

The name of the key you want to define. The key name must be preceded by an equal sign (=). In specifying control keys, GOLD key sequences, or shifted function keys, use a slash, dash, or underscore as a delimiter in the key name. If you do not type the name of a key, EVE prompts you to press the key you want to define. To cancel the operation, press the Return key or Ctrl/M, which cannot be defined. For information about key names and nondefinable keys, use the online help in EVE and read the topic on Names For Keys.

command

The EVE command you want to assign to a key. If you do not specify a command, EVE prompts for one. Pressing Return or Do at the prompt without typing anything cancels the operation.

keypad key

The EDT or WPS function you want to assign to a key, for example, EDT KP9 for the EDT Append key or WPS GOLD-R for the WPS Ruler key. You can use EDT or WPS keys without having to enable the EDT or WPS keypad.

Description

The DEFINE KEY command defines a key to execute an EVE command or an EDT or WPS key function. Generally, DEFINE KEY overrides any current definition of the specified key, whether the EVE default, EDT keypad, WPS keypad, or your own. For example, if you define a key that is ordinarily defined by a keypad setting, such as EDT or WPS, your definition overrides the keypad definition. However, if you define PF1 and then set the EDT or WPS keypad, PF1 is defined as the GOLD key, overriding your definition of PF1 (unless you have also set a different key as GOLD).

If you define a key for a command that requires additional information, such as a file name, search string, or other parameter, then when you press the key, EVE prompts you to enter the information the same as if you typed the command.

Your key definitions remain in effect throughout the editing session or until you redefine or undefine the key. There are two ways to keep your key definitions for future editing sessions:

• Put the DEFINE KEY commands in an initialization file (usually named EVE$INIT.EVE).
• Use the SAVE EXTENDED EVE command to create a section file, which saves your key definitions.

Related Commands

• HELP
  • KEYPAD
  • KEYS
• LEARN
• SET FUNCTION KEYS DECWINDOWS
• SET GOLD KEY
• SET KEYPAD EDT
• SET KEYPAD WPS
• SHOW KEY
• UNDEFINE KEY

Examples

The following examples show two ways to define a key: specifying it by pressing the key at the prompt, and specifying it by typing the key name on the command line.

To define F20 as the INCLUDE FILE command, use the following command:

Command: DEFINE KEY INCLUDE FILE
Press the key that you want to define: F20
      

Thereafter, when you press F20, EVE prompts you to type the name of the file to be included.

To define Ctrl/D as the EDT Append key (KP9 in the EDT keypad) without having to use SET KEYPAD EDT, use the following command:

Command: DEFINE KEY= CTRL/D EDT KP9
      

Format

DEFINE MENU ENTRY menu command label

• YES
• NO

Parameters

menu

The name of the pull-down or pop-up menu to which you want to add a menu item. Valid menu names are as follows:

• Option Pulldown
• View Pulldown
• Edit Pulldown
• File Pulldown
• Format Pulldown
• Help Pulldown
• Noselect Popup
• Search Pulldown
• Select Popup

command

The EVE command you want the menu item to execute.

label

The label you want to appear on the menu, instead of having the menu item use the same name as the command.

YES or NO

Whether you want a separator line to appear above the label.

Description

The DEFINE MENU ENTRY command adds a menu item to a pull-down or pop-up menu for the DECwindows interface. DEFINE MENU ENTRY prompts for the name of the menu you want to add to, the command you want for a menu item, and other information. You can either answer the EVE prompts or you can enter all the information on the command line.

You can use DEFINE MENU ENTRY only with the DECwindows interface. You can also define and undefine menu items by choosing Extend Menu from the Option menu in Motif EVE. You can save menu definitions for future editing sessions in your section file or command file.

Related Commands

• SAVE ATTRIBUTES
• SAVE EXTENDED EVE
• SAVE SYSTEM ATTRIBUTES
• UNDEFINE MENU ENTRY

Example

The following command adds SHOW BUFFERS to the File menu, labeling the item "Buffer List" with a line separator above the item:

Command: DEFINE MENU ENTRY "File" "SHOW BUFFERS" "Buffer List" "Y" 
      

Key

Format

DELETE

Description

The DELETE command is sensitive to the mode of the buffer. In insert mode, it erases the character left of the cursor, making the rest of the line move left. In overstrike mode, it replaces the character with a space; the rest of the line does not move.

If you are at the start of a line, DELETE erases the line break (carriage return) for the previous line---regardless of the mode---causing the current line to move up. This is useful to join paragraphs for FILL commands.

To insert the character you erased, use the RESTORE CHARACTER command, which is also mode sensitive.

If SET PENDING DELETE is in effect, you can use DELETE to erase a select range or box. Erasing a range is similar to REMOVE or CUT; text after the range moves back or up. Erasing a box is similar to BOX CUT, usually padding the area with spaces to keep the column alignment of text to the right of the box.

To put back the erased text, use the RESTORE SELECTION or RESTORE BOX SELECTION command. For more information about pending delete, see the description of the SET PENDING DELETE command or the online help topic on Pending Delete.

Related Commands

• CHANGE MODE
• ERASE CHARACTER
• RESTORE BOX SELECTION
• RESTORE CHARACTER
• RESTORE SELECTION
• SET PENDING DELETE

Format

DELETE BUFFER buffer-name

Parameter

buffer-name

The buffer you want to delete. The buffer name must match exactly. You cannot use wildcards or abbreviations. Buffer names are not case sensitive. A buffer name is the same as the file it contains (as specified when you invoked EVE or when you used the BUFFER, GET FILE, NEW, OPEN, or OPEN SELECTED command). If you do not specify a buffer, EVE prompts for one. Pressing the Return key or the Do key at the prompt without typing anything cancels the operation.

Description

The DELETE BUFFER command deletes a buffer that you specify by name. If you specify a buffer that has been modified and is not empty, DELETE BUFFER asks you to confirm that you want to delete it. The following table shows the possible responses and the effect of each response. You need only type the first letter of the response and then press the Return key.

Responses	Effects
DELETE_ONLY	Deletes the specified buffer.
WRITE_FIRST	Writes out the buffer to a file before deleting it. If there is no file specification for the buffer (if you invoked EVE without specifying an input file or if you created the buffer with the BUFFER or NEW command) EVE prompts for one, as with the WRITE FILE command.
QUIT	Cancels the operation; the buffer is not deleted. This is the default response. Press the Return key or Ctrl/Z.

If the specified buffer is displayed in a window, EVE deletes the buffer and then displays another buffer---usually the first buffer viewed in the editing session.

Deleting a buffer also deletes the buffer-change journal file for that buffer. It does not delete the keystroke journal file, if any.

You can also delete buffers by using REMOVE or CUT in the Buffer List without having to type the buffer name.

You should not delete EVE system buffers, such as the MESSAGES buffer, INSERT HERE buffer, or $RESTORE$ buffer, because they are required for some commands. Some system buffers cannot be deleted and are marked as permanent.

Related Commands

• DELETE WINDOW
• SHOW BUFFERS
• SHOW SYSTEM BUFFERS

Example

The following command deletes a buffer named MEMO.TXT. In this case, because the buffer has been modified (and not yet written out), EVE prompts you to confirm the deletion.

Command: DELETE BUFFER MEMO.TXT
That's a modified buffer. Type Delete_only, Write_first, or Quit: D
      

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