Click on the Options... button in the Print dialog box to display another print dialog box that lets you specify advanced print settings for your print job.

Some of these settings, including File Start Sheet and Message Log, correspond to qualifiers available from the DCL command PRINT. See the description of the DCL command PRINT in the OpenVMS DCL Dictionary for more information. Other settings, including Sides and Layup Definition, correspond to options available on certain PostScript printers. See the manual for your printer for more information about specifying these settings.

4.5 Mixing Colors

Many applications let you change default colors by choosing your own colors. If an application provides this option, it displays a color mixing dialog box when you choose certain settings.

This section describes color mixing dialog boxes and explains how to use them to specify your own colors.

4.5.1 Color Models

The color mixer offers the following color models for selecting and defining colors:

• Picker Color Model
• Hue, Lightness, Saturation (HLS) Color Model
• Red, Green, Blue (RGB) Color model
• Browser Color Model
• Greyscale Color Model

You can use each of these models alone, or you can use them in any combination. For example, you can use any color model to select a color and use the Picker Color Model to blend the selected color.

The following subsections describe how to use each of the color models to choose your own colors.

4.5.1.1 Picker

The Picker is the default color model for the color mixer. It contains the following components:

The color display box displays colors as you mix them.

The color spectrum is a static collection of colors.

The Spectrum options menu lets you set the spectrum to one of the following common color palettes:

• "Rainbow" spectrum (white, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue-violet, violet, brown, and black)
• Pastels

• Vivids
• Earthtones

The four color palettes provide a wide variety of colors from which you can choose. The Spectrum options menu also includes any palettes specific to an application.

When you click MB1 on a spectrum tile or interpolator tile, that color becomes the new color. The tile also becomes highlighted, identifying it as the currently selected color.

You can use the selected color without modification, or you can do one or more of the following tasks:

• Use the interpolator to smear (blend) the selected color into various shades.
• Use the arrow buttons to make the color lighter or darker, warmer or cooler.
• Switch to another color model and use the features of that model to modify the current selection.

Use the two paint buckets to load the interpolator with the colors to smear:

1. Click MB1 on a spectrum tile or interpolator tile.
   The color display box displays the color of that tile.
2. Click on a paint bucket, which fills the interpolator end tile below it with the selected color.
3. Fill both interpolator end tiles or one; the color of the empty interpolator end tile defaults to white.

As an alternative to the paint buckets, you can use the eyedropper to load the interpolator. Clicking and holding MB1 on a spectrum or interpolator tile, the original color tile, or the new color tile causes the pointer to become an eyedropper filled with the color of that tile.

You can move this eyedropper to the interpolator and use it to fill one of the two end tiles by clicking MB1 on one of the tiles. If you do not position the eyedropper directly on one of the two end tiles, the tile closest to the end is filled with the eyedropper color. Note that the cursor must be inside the interpolator.

Use the Undo button to reverse the last interpolator action, which can be a smear, the filling of an end tile, or the activation of one of the warmth or lightness adjustment buttons.

4.5.1.2 Hue, Lightness, Saturation (HLS)

In the Hue, Lightness, Saturation (HLS) color model, you specify a color by three characteristics: hue, lightness, and saturation.

• Hue is color.
• Lightness is color intensity; that is, the amount of the color.
• Saturation is the purity of the color, or how much the color is diluted by white.

The HLS color model contains three scales that represent the ranges of hue, lightness, and saturation.

In the RGB color model, you specify a color as a mixture of different intensities of red, green, and blue.

The RGB color model contains three scales that represent the ranges of intensity of red, green, and blue.

The RGB color model is the default color model on monochrome systems.

4.5.1.4 Browser

The Browser color model is a scrolled window that displays a list of X11 named colors. Each button in the scrolled window shows the name of an X11 color. Use the scroll bar to scroll through this color list.

When you click MB1 on a color in the list, the color display box becomes filled with that color.

The color browser is available on all systems.

4.5.1.5 Greyscale

The Greyscale color model contains a scale that lets you mix gray shades ranging from black to white. Note that switching to the Greyscale color model converts the current new color to gray.

The scratch pad lets you store intermediate colors for later use in color mixing.

To access the scratch pad, click on the scratch pad button in any of the color models.

To store the currently selected color in the scratch pad, click on the paint bucket above the scratch pad color tile. The scratch pad adds that color to its list of stored colors. You can scroll through the list with the scroll bar.

Use the Clear button to cancel this list and return the scratch pad to its initial state.

Note that the currently selected color can be one of many color tiles on the Picker model. When using other color models, however, you can select only the new and original color tiles.

To set the new color tile to a scratch pad color, scroll to the new color and click on the scratch pad color tile. The new color tile changes, and the scratch pad tile is highlighted. In the Picker model, this highlighting indicates that the scratch pad color can now be dumped into one of the interpolator end tiles by using the paint bucket buttons.

Session Manager is the key to using DECwindows. After you start a DECwindows session, you use Session Manager to manage your session and your workstation environment.

When you start a session, DECwindows displays Session Manager's menu bar.

This chapter describes how you can use Session Manager to

• Run applications
• Keep track of work in progress
• Define logical names
• Set process privileges

For information about how to start, pause, and end a session, see Chapter 2.

5.1 Running Applications

DECwindows applications increase your productivity by automating basic tasks. For example, Mail automates sending and receiving interoffice messages; Cardfiler automates creating and filing index cards.

To run an application, choose the application you want to use from Session Manager's Applications menu. DECwindows displays the application in a window.

The following sections describe several applications that you might use most frequently.

5.1.1 Creating a FileView Window

By choosing FileView from Session Manager's Applications menu, you open a FileView window, which you can use to work with files and directories.

See Chapter 6 for more information about using FileView.

5.1.2 Creating a DECterm Window

By choosing DECterm from Session Manager's Applications menu, you open a DECterm window, which emulates a VT300-series terminal. From DECterm, you can then enter DCL commands or use any other command line interface. If your system is part of a network, you can communicate with other systems and share information and resources.

For more information about using DECterm, see the DECwindows Motif for OpenVMS Applications Guide.

5.1.3 Using Print Screen

Print Screen lets you take a snapshot of an entire screen or just a portion of it and print the file containing this snapshot now or later.

For more information about using Print Screen, see the DECwindows Motif for OpenVMS Applications Guide.

5.1.4 Reading Messages

The Message Window displays messages, mail message notifications, or warnings about problems.

For more information about using the Message Window, see Section 7.12 in Chapter 7.

5.2 Using Application Qualifiers

By default, Session Manager runs applications using a set of default qualifiers. To change the way DECwindows runs an application, choose the ellipsis (...) next to the application on Session Manager's Applications menu. Session Manager displays the application's Qualifiers dialog box.

From the application's qualifier dialog box, you can change the following settings:

Run Application

When you start an application, by default the application runs as a subprocess of Session Manager's process and shares its quotas and environment. To run an application as a detached process, click on the Detached radio button.

Display Parameters

You can change the following application display parameters:

• Node
• Transport
• Server
• Screen
  For more information about using the Screen display parameter, see Section 5.2.1.

By default, an application runs with the same display parameters as Session Manager. For more information about using display parameters to run remote applications, see Chapter 12.

5.2.1 Running an Application on a Multiscreen System

If you are using a workstation that supports more than one screen, you can display applications on any of the available screens. To do this, enter the screen number in the Screen entry box in the application's Qualifiers dialog box.

DECwindows displays the application on the screen you specified.

5.3 Keeping Track of Work in Progress

Session Manager keeps track of your currently running applications and FileView tasks in a Work in Progress dialog box.

To display the Work in Progress dialog box, choose Work in Progress... from Session Manager's Session Menu.

Session Manager displays the Work in Progress dialog box.

The Work in Progress dialog box remains open until you close it.

The Status column tells you the task's status. This status can be any of the following:

Status	Meaning
Starting	Application is starting but is not yet displayed.
Active	Task is currently executing.
Pending	Task cannot execute because you have exceeded the number of tasks---called subprocesses---you are allowed to execute. If several other tasks are executing, this status changes to Active when those tasks are completed.
Error	FileView cannot execute the task successfully.
Done	Task is complete.
Stopped	Task has been requested to exit, but it is not terminated. When the task stops, Session Manager removes the task entry in the Work in Progress box, unless the task produces output.
Show Output	Task has produced output. To display task output, click on the Show Output button.

5.3.1 Canceling a Task

To cancel a task while it is pending or executing, select it in the Work in Progress dialog box and click on the Stop Task button. If the task does not respond immediately, it will be put in the stopped state. To remove a task entry that is stopped, click on the Remove Task button.

5.3.2 Looking at Task Output

If you use an application that produces output, the Show Output button in the Work in Progress dialog box is not dimmed. To display task output, click on the Show Output button. Session Manager opens a Task Output window.

5.4 Defining Logical Names

Logical names let you give frequently used files, directories, and devices meaningful names that are easier to remember and type than the full file specifications. For example, you can define WORK as a logical name for your device DUA0, or STAFF as a logical name for the file specification $USERS:[JONES.STAFF].

This section describes how to use Session Manager to define logical names. For more information about how you can use logical names, see Appendix B.

To define a logical name:

1. Choose Logical Names... from Session Manager's Session menu.
   Session Manager displays a dialog box.

   ---

   
2. Type the logical name in the Name entry box.
3. Type the definition you want to assign to the logical name in the Definition entry box.
   For example, define the logical name STAFF with the file specification $USERS:[JONES.STAFF].
4. To define the logical name as concealed, click on the Conceal Translation check button.
5. Click on Define to add the logical name to your job logical name table.
   Click on another option button to add the logical name to another table. To add the logical name to another logical name table, click on the Other option button, type the name of the logical name table, and click on Define.

To display the definition of a logical name and the name of the logical name table in which it is stored:

1. In the Name entry box, type the logical name whose definition you want to display.
2. If you do not know the logical name table in which the logical name is stored, click on the Any button next to the From Table label. Click on the Job, Group, or System buttons if you want to see the definition in a specific table. Click on the Other button and type the name of the logical name in the text entry box provided to display a logical name definition from another table.
3. Click on Show.
   Session Manager displays the definition of the logical name and the name of the table in which it is stored.

If you choose the Any option, Session Manager searches the logical name tables specified by the logical name LNM$FILE_DEV. If the logical name exists in more than one logical name table, Session Manager displays the logical name definition and the name of the logical name table in which the definition was first encountered.

5.4.2 Deleting a Logical Name

To delete a logical name definition:

1. In the Name entry box, type the logical name you want to delete.
2. Click on Deassign.
   Session Manager deletes the logical name definition.

If you choose the Any option and the logical name definition is not found in any logical name table, Session Manager reports that the logical name is not defined.

5.5 Setting Process Privileges

Your process privileges determine what commands and functions you are authorized to execute from your account. Your system manager authorized these privileges when your account was created.

Some tasks require more powerful privileges. You can see which privileges are currently enabled by choosing Privileges... from Session Manager's Session menu.

Click on the privileges you need to perform a specific task. You are granted only those privileges you are authorized to hold; privileges that you are not authorized to hold are dimmed.

5.6 Customizing Your Session

You can use Session Manager's Options menu to customize your DECwindows environment. To find out how to do this, see Chapter 7.

FileView is a graphic representation of the VMS operating system that lets you use a mouse to work with files and directories.

This chapter describes how you can use FileView to

• Work with files
• Display information about files
• Create and use directories to organize your files

The FileView window looks like this:

• The title bar displays the name of the window.
• The menu bar displays FileView's menu names.
• The Directory entry box displays the name of the current, or default, device and directory. Unless you specify otherwise, FileView places you in your top-level directory whenever you start FileView.
• The Parent Directory button lets you navigate your directory structure. This button appears when you select a file in the subdirectory list. As you navigate through your subdirectories, this button label changes to reflect the name of the parent directory.
• The subdirectory list displays your subdirectories. Using the subdirectory list, you can descend the directory structure in the current window.
• The File Selection menu bar contains menus you can use to select and filter files.
• The Apply button lets you renew your file list according to the contents of the File Filter and Directory entry boxes.
• The file list can contain different kinds of information, such as the creation date or size, about the files in the current directory or those specified by the File Filter. The first time you start FileView, the file list contains the names of the files in your top-level directory only.
• The File Filter entry box lets you list a subset of files, for example, all *.TXT files, in the current file list.
  FileView displays the number of files you filter on the File Selection menu bar next to the Files Filtered menu.

When you use the Apply button to create a new file list, you can use a wildcard in the File Filter or in another directory specification in the Directory entry box. For example, to list only the TXT files in your current directory, type *.TXT in the File Filter entry box and click on the Apply button. The file list displays the files you requested.

The Apply button changes to an Update button when you make changes to the contents of the current directory. If that change affects your file list, clicking on the Update button displays the altered version of the file list. For example, if you rename or delete a file in the file list, the Apply button changes to an Update button to remind you to update the file list. You can continue to work with other files and perform other tasks, updating the file list at your convenience.

When you start an update operation, the Apply or Update button becomes a Cancel button. Clicking on the Cancel button stops the file search as soon as possible. FileView displays whatever file information was already collected along with a pop-up message box that indicates missing information.

6.2 Selecting and Filtering Files

To perform a FileView task, you must select the file with which you want to work. FileView highlights the selected file, and the next command you choose affects that file. When you select or filter files, FileView displays the number of currently selected and filtered files on the File Selection menu bar.

If you do not select a file name before choosing a FileView command, FileView displays a dialog box that asks you to type the name of the file or files on which you want to perform the command.

6.2.1 Selecting a File from Your File List

To select a file from your file list:

1. Point to the file you want to select.
2. Click MB1.
   The file name is highlighted.

Selecting one file at a time cancels the previous file selection.

6.2.2 Selecting Adjacent Files

To select adjacent files from the file list:

1. Point to the first file in the range.
2. Drag the pointer through the files you want to select.
   The files are highlighted. FileView displays the number of files selected on the File Selection menu bar.